Hi Nicolas,
I browsed a little of your error and your conf files to notice you are still missing a LOT of bits of a standard freeradius configuration to connect to an AD. mschap encryptition strength, configuration of EAP tunnels and protocols, actual domain not defined in FreeRadius/proxy.conf, and then not yet VLANs (ok, not probably at this time of the game, but you eventually will get there).
You would better search and use in freeradius and Janet for tutorials about configuring RADIUS for AD. It is not as simples as tweaking the config files.
About the certificates, I hope you dont use the current ones in production, as you just published them to the world at large.
One last note, 2.1.12 FreeRadius has serious bugs working with AD (it works, but crashes a lot). I would recommend at least 2.2.5 or going directly to version 3.x.
Regards,
Rui Ribeiro