Hello all, I am trying to test chroot on a Raspberry Pi running the distro-provided Freeradius 3.0.21 on the 32bit Raspberry Pi OS (Debian) 11. According to the instructions from networkradius.com and freeradius -X error messages, I created the chroot folder hierarchy and the required files as shown below: The character devices null, zero, random and urandom were created under /var/freeradius/chroot/dev. /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/ssl/certs /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/ssl/certs/private /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/passwd /var/freeradius/chroot/var/run The following folders and files are bind mounted in the chroot: /var/freeradius/chroot/usr/lib/freeradius/ /var/freeradius/chroot/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/ /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/freeradius/3.0/certs/ /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/ /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/nsswitch.conf /var/freeradius/chroot/etc/resolv.conf /var/freeradius/chroot/var/log/freeradius/ The ownership and permission bits for all files and folders in the chroot folder are the same as their non-chrooted counterparts. Finally, I enabled chroot in radiusd.conf. Running freeradius -X, the debug output seems to be *exactly* the same as running freeradius -X with chroot disabled (well, only the line chroot = "/var/freeradius/chroot" was added in the security {} block output). While running the chrooted Freeradius as freeradius -X, Freeradius performs client authentication with EAP-PEAP and EAP-(T)TLS, proxing, etc normally. If -P is provided (freeradius -XP), the PID file is created in the /var/freeradius/chroot/var/run/ as expected. The output of freeradius -X with chroot enabled is given below: ---------------freeradius -X output------------------------ FreeRADIUS Version 3.0.21 Copyright (C) 1999-2019 The FreeRADIUS server project and contributors There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE You may redistribute copies of FreeRADIUS under the terms of the GNU General Public License For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYRIGHT Starting - reading configuration files ... including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary.dhcp including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary.vqp including dictionary file /etc/freeradius/3.0/dictionary including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/radiusd.conf including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/proxy.conf including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/clients.conf including files in directory /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/ including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/replicate including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/expiration including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/files including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/digest including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/pap including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/exec including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/logintime including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/dynamic_clients including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/preprocess including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/expr including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/cache_eap including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/echo including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/passwd including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/utf8 including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/eap including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/soh including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/chap including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/radutmp including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/linelog including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/mschap including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/unix including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/sradutmp including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/unpack including files in directory /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/ including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/moonshot-targeted-ids including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/rfc7542 including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/canonicalization including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/accounting including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/cui including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/dhcp including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/abfab-tr including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/operator-name including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/eap including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/control including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/debug including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/policy.d/filter including files in directory /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/ including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/default including configuration file /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel main { security { user = "freerad" group = "freerad" chroot = "/var/freeradius/chroot" allow_core_dumps = no } name = "freeradius" prefix = "/usr" localstatedir = "/var" logdir = "/var/log/freeradius" run_dir = "/var/run/freeradius" } main { name = "freeradius" prefix = "/usr" localstatedir = "/var" sbindir = "/usr/sbin" logdir = "/var/log/freeradius" run_dir = "/var/run/freeradius" libdir = "/usr/lib/freeradius" radacctdir = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct" hostname_lookups = no max_request_time = 30 cleanup_delay = 5 max_requests = 16384 pidfile = "/var/run/freeradius/freeradius.pid" checkrad = "/usr/sbin/checkrad" debug_level = 0 proxy_requests = yes log { stripped_names = no auth = yes auth_badpass = yes auth_goodpass = no colourise = yes msg_denied = "You are already logged in - access denied" } resources { } security { max_attributes = 200 reject_delay = 1.000000 status_server = yes } } radiusd: #### Loading Realms and Home Servers #### proxy server { retry_delay = 5 retry_count = 3 default_fallback = no dead_time = 120 wake_all_if_all_dead = no } home_server localhost { ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 port = 1812 type = "auth" secret = <<< secret >>> response_window = 20.000000 response_timeouts = 1 max_outstanding = 65536 zombie_period = 40 status_check = "status-server" ping_interval = 30 check_interval = 30 check_timeout = 4 num_answers_to_alive = 3 revive_interval = 120 limit { max_connections = 16 max_requests = 0 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 0 } coa { irt = 2 mrt = 16 mrc = 5 mrd = 30 } } home_server home_server1 { ipaddr = 192.168.1.10 port = 0 type = "auth+acct" secret = <<< secret >>> response_window = 30.000000 response_timeouts = 1 max_outstanding = 65536 zombie_period = 40 status_check = "none" ping_interval = 30 check_timeout = 4 num_answers_to_alive = 3 revive_interval = 300 limit { max_connections = 16 max_requests = 0 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 0 } coa { irt = 2 mrt = 16 mrc = 5 mrd = 30 } } home_server_pool my_auth_failover { type = fail-over home_server = localhost } realm example.com { auth_pool = my_auth_failover } home_server_pool test_local_pool { type = fail-over home_server = home_server1 } realm MY_REALM { pool = test_local_pool nostrip } realm LOCAL { } radiusd: #### Loading Clients #### client localhost { ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> nas_type = "other" proto = "*" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client localhost_ipv6 { ipv6addr = ::1 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 192.168.1.11 { ipaddr = 192.168.1.11 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } Debugger not attached systemd watchdog is disabled # Creating Auth-Type = eap # Creating Auth-Type = mschap # Creating Auth-Type = PAP # Creating Auth-Type = CHAP # Creating Auth-Type = MS-CHAP radiusd: #### Instantiating modules #### modules { # Loaded module rlm_detail # Loading module "detail" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail detail { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loaded module rlm_realm # Loading module "IPASS" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm realm IPASS { format = "prefix" delimiter = "/" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "suffix" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm realm suffix { format = "suffix" delimiter = "@" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "bangpath" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm realm bangpath { format = "prefix" delimiter = "!" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "realmpercent" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm realm realmpercent { format = "suffix" delimiter = "%" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "ntdomain" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm realm ntdomain { format = "prefix" delimiter = "\\" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loaded module rlm_attr_filter # Loading module "attr_filter.post-proxy" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.post-proxy { filename = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/post-proxy" key = "%{Realm}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.pre-proxy" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.pre-proxy { filename = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/pre-proxy" key = "%{Realm}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.access_reject" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.access_reject { filename = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/access_reject" key = "%{User-Name}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.access_challenge" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.access_challenge { filename = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/access_challenge" key = "%{User-Name}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.accounting_response" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.accounting_response { filename = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/accounting_response" key = "%{User-Name}" relaxed = no } # Loaded module rlm_always # Loading module "reject" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always reject { rcode = "reject" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "fail" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always fail { rcode = "fail" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "ok" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always ok { rcode = "ok" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "handled" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always handled { rcode = "handled" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "invalid" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always invalid { rcode = "invalid" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "userlock" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always userlock { rcode = "userlock" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "notfound" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always notfound { rcode = "notfound" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "noop" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always noop { rcode = "noop" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "updated" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always always updated { rcode = "updated" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loaded module rlm_replicate # Loading module "replicate" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/replicate # Loaded module rlm_expiration # Loading module "expiration" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/expiration # Loaded module rlm_files # Loading module "files" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/files files { filename = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/files/authorize" acctusersfile = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/files/accounting" preproxy_usersfile = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/files/pre-proxy" } # Loaded module rlm_digest # Loading module "digest" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/digest # Loaded module rlm_exec # Loading module "ntlm_auth" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth exec ntlm_auth { wait = yes program = "/path/to/ntlm_auth --request-nt-key --domain=MYDOMAIN --username=%{mschap:User-Name} --password=%{User-Password}" shell_escape = yes } # Loaded module rlm_pap # Loading module "pap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/pap pap { normalise = yes } # Loading module "exec" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/exec exec { wait = no input_pairs = "request" shell_escape = yes timeout = 10 } # Loaded module rlm_logintime # Loading module "logintime" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/logintime logintime { minimum_timeout = 60 } # Loaded module rlm_dynamic_clients # Loading module "dynamic_clients" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/dynamic_clients # Loaded module rlm_preprocess # Loading module "preprocess" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/preprocess preprocess { huntgroups = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/preprocess/huntgroups" hints = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/preprocess/hints" with_ascend_hack = no ascend_channels_per_line = 23 with_ntdomain_hack = no with_specialix_jetstream_hack = no with_cisco_vsa_hack = no with_alvarion_vsa_hack = no } # Loaded module rlm_expr # Loading module "expr" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/expr expr { safe_characters = "@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789.-_: /äéöüàâæçèéêëîïôœùûüaÿÄÉÖÜßÀÂÆÇÈÉÊËÎÏÔŒÙÛÜŸ" } # Loaded module rlm_cache # Loading module "cache_eap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/cache_eap cache cache_eap { driver = "rlm_cache_rbtree" key = "%{%{control:State}:-%{%{reply:State}:-%{State}}}" ttl = 15 max_entries = 0 epoch = 0 add_stats = no } # Loading module "echo" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/echo exec echo { wait = yes program = "/bin/echo %{User-Name}" input_pairs = "request" output_pairs = "reply" shell_escape = yes } # Loaded module rlm_passwd # Loading module "etc_passwd" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/passwd passwd etc_passwd { filename = "/etc/passwd" format = "*User-Name:Crypt-Password:" delimiter = ":" ignore_nislike = no ignore_empty = yes allow_multiple_keys = no hash_size = 100 } # Loaded module rlm_utf8 # Loading module "utf8" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/utf8 # Loaded module rlm_eap # Loading module "eap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/eap eap { default_eap_type = "peap" timer_expire = 60 ignore_unknown_eap_types = no cisco_accounting_username_bug = no max_sessions = 16384 } # Loaded module rlm_soh # Loading module "soh" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/soh soh { dhcp = yes } # Loaded module rlm_chap # Loading module "chap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/chap # Loaded module rlm_radutmp # Loading module "radutmp" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/radutmp radutmp { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radutmp" username = "%{User-Name}" case_sensitive = yes check_with_nas = yes permissions = 384 caller_id = yes } # Loading module "auth_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log detail auth_log { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/auth-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "reply_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log detail reply_log { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/reply-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "pre_proxy_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log detail pre_proxy_log { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/pre-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "post_proxy_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log detail post_proxy_log { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/post-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loaded module rlm_linelog # Loading module "linelog" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/linelog linelog { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/linelog" escape_filenames = no syslog_severity = "info" permissions = 384 format = "This is a log message for %{User-Name}" reference = "messages.%{%{reply:Packet-Type}:-default}" } # Loading module "log_accounting" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/linelog linelog log_accounting { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/linelog-accounting" escape_filenames = no syslog_severity = "info" permissions = 384 format = "" reference = "Accounting-Request.%{%{Acct-Status-Type}:-unknown}" } # Loaded module rlm_mschap # Loading module "mschap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/mschap mschap { use_mppe = yes require_encryption = yes require_strong = yes with_ntdomain_hack = yes passchange { } allow_retry = yes winbind_retry_with_normalised_username = no } # Loaded module rlm_unix # Loading module "unix" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/unix unix { radwtmp = "/var/log/freeradius/radwtmp" } Creating attribute Unix-Group # Loading module "sradutmp" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/sradutmp radutmp sradutmp { filename = "/var/log/freeradius/sradutmp" username = "%{User-Name}" case_sensitive = yes check_with_nas = yes permissions = 420 caller_id = no } # Loaded module rlm_unpack # Loading module "unpack" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/unpack instantiate { } # Instantiating module "detail" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail # Instantiating module "IPASS" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm # Instantiating module "suffix" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm # Instantiating module "bangpath" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm # Instantiating module "realmpercent" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm # Instantiating module "ntdomain" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/realm # Instantiating module "attr_filter.post-proxy" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/post-proxy # Instantiating module "attr_filter.pre-proxy" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/pre-proxy # Instantiating module "attr_filter.access_reject" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/access_reject # Instantiating module "attr_filter.access_challenge" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/access_challenge # Instantiating module "attr_filter.accounting_response" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/attr_filter reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/attr_filter/accounting_response # Instantiating module "reject" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "fail" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "ok" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "handled" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "invalid" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "userlock" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "notfound" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "noop" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "updated" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/always # Instantiating module "expiration" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/expiration # Instantiating module "files" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/files reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/files/authorize reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/files/accounting reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/files/pre-proxy # Instantiating module "pap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/pap # Instantiating module "logintime" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/logintime # Instantiating module "preprocess" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/preprocess reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/preprocess/huntgroups reading pairlist file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-config/preprocess/hints # Instantiating module "cache_eap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/cache_eap rlm_cache (cache_eap): Driver rlm_cache_rbtree (module rlm_cache_rbtree) loaded and linked # Instantiating module "etc_passwd" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/passwd rlm_passwd: nfields: 3 keyfield 0(User-Name) listable: no # Instantiating module "eap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/eap # Linked to sub-module rlm_eap_tls tls { tls = "tls-common" } tls-config tls-common { verify_depth = 0 ca_path = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/certs" pem_file_type = yes private_key_file = "/etc/ssl/private/freeradius.key" certificate_file = "/etc/ssl/certs/freeradius.crt" ca_file = "/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ca-certificates-freeradius.crt" private_key_password = <<< secret >>> dh_file = "/etc/freeradius/3.0/certs/dh" random_file = "/dev/urandom" fragment_size = 1024 include_length = yes auto_chain = yes check_crl = no check_all_crl = no cipher_list = "DEFAULT" cipher_server_preference = no ecdh_curve = "prime256v1" tls_max_version = "1.2" tls_min_version = "1.2" cache { enable = no lifetime = 24 max_entries = 255 } verify { skip_if_ocsp_ok = no } ocsp { enable = no override_cert_url = yes url = "http://127.0.0.1/ocsp/" use_nonce = yes timeout = 0 softfail = no } } # Linked to sub-module rlm_eap_ttls ttls { tls = "tls-common" default_eap_type = "mschapv2" copy_request_to_tunnel = no use_tunneled_reply = no virtual_server = "inner-tunnel" include_length = yes require_client_cert = no } tls: Using cached TLS configuration from previous invocation # Linked to sub-module rlm_eap_peap peap { tls = "tls-common" default_eap_type = "mschapv2" copy_request_to_tunnel = no use_tunneled_reply = no proxy_tunneled_request_as_eap = yes virtual_server = "inner-tunnel" soh = no require_client_cert = no } tls: Using cached TLS configuration from previous invocation # Linked to sub-module rlm_eap_mschapv2 mschapv2 { with_ntdomain_hack = no send_error = no } # Instantiating module "auth_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log rlm_detail (auth_log): 'User-Password' suppressed, will not appear in detail output # Instantiating module "reply_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log # Instantiating module "pre_proxy_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log # Instantiating module "post_proxy_log" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/detail.log # Instantiating module "linelog" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/linelog # Instantiating module "log_accounting" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/linelog # Instantiating module "mschap" from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/mods-enabled/mschap rlm_mschap (mschap): using internal authentication } # modules radiusd: #### Loading Virtual Servers #### server { # from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/radiusd.conf } # server server default { # from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/default # Loading authenticate {...} # Loading authorize {...} # Loading preacct {...} # Loading accounting {...} Ignoring "sql" (see raddb/mods-available/README.rst) # Loading post-proxy {...} # Loading post-auth {...} } # server default server inner-tunnel { # from file /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel # Loading authenticate {...} # Loading authorize {...} # Loading session {...} # Loading post-proxy {...} # Loading post-auth {...} # Skipping contents of 'if' as it is always 'false' -- /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel:335 } # server inner-tunnel radiusd: #### Opening IP addresses and Ports #### listen { type = "auth" ipv4addr = 192.168.1.20 port = 0 limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } listen { type = "acct" ipv4addr = 192.168.1.20 port = 0 limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } listen { type = "auth" ipv6addr = :: port = 0 limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } listen { type = "acct" ipv6addr = :: port = 0 limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } listen { type = "auth" ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 port = 18120 } Listening on auth address 192.168.1.20 port 1812 bound to server default Listening on acct address 192.168.1.20 port 1813 bound to server default Listening on auth address :: port 1812 bound to server default Listening on acct address :: port 1813 bound to server default Listening on auth address 127.0.0.1 port 18120 bound to server inner-tunnel Listening on proxy address * port 44958 Listening on proxy address :: port 32891 Ready to process requests ---------------End of freeradius -X output----------------- If I try to start the chrooted Freeradius from the provided Systemd startup script, it fails and journalctl -xe returns the following: ---------------journalctl -xe output -------------------------- Support: https://www.debian.org/support The unit freeradius.service completed and consumed the indicated resources. Apr 16 14:14:36 raspberry systemd[1]: Starting FreeRADIUS multi-protocol policy server... Subject: A start job for unit freeradius.service has begun execution Defined-By: systemd Support: https://www.debian.org/support A start job for unit freeradius.service has begun execution. The job identifier is 2157. Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: FreeRADIUS Version 3.0.21 Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: Copyright (C) 1999-2019 The FreeRADIUS server project and contributors Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: PARTICULAR PURPOSE Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: You may redistribute copies of FreeRADIUS under the terms of the Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: GNU General Public License Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYRIGHT Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: Starting - reading configuration files ... Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: Debug state unknown (cap_sys_ptrace capability not set) Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: Creating attribute Unix-Group Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: rlm_cache (cache_eap): Driver rlm_cache_rbtree (module rlm_cache_rbtree) loaded and linked Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: tls: Using cached TLS configuration from previous invocation Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: tls: Using cached TLS configuration from previous invocation Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: rlm_detail (auth_log): 'User-Password' suppressed, will not appear in detail output Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: rlm_mschap (mschap): using internal authentication Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: Ignoring "sql" (see raddb/mods-available/README.rst) Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: # Skipping contents of 'if' as it is always 'false' -- /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel:335 Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: radiusd: #### Skipping IP addresses and Ports #### Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry freeradius[2624]: Configuration appears to be OK Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry systemd[1]: freeradius.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE Subject: Unit process exited Defined-By: systemd Support: https://www.debian.org/support An ExecStart= process belonging to unit freeradius.service has exited. The process' exit code is 'exited' and its exit status is 1. Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry systemd[1]: freeradius.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. Subject: Unit failed Defined-By: systemd Support: https://www.debian.org/support The unit freeradius.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'. Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry systemd[1]: Failed to start FreeRADIUS multi-protocol policy server. Subject: A start job for unit freeradius.service has failed Defined-By: systemd Support: https://www.debian.org/support A start job for unit freeradius.service has finished with a failure. The job identifier is 2157 and the job result is failed. Apr 16 14:14:37 raspberry systemd[1]: freeradius.service: Consumed 1.338s CPU time. Subject: Resources consumed by unit runtime Defined-By: systemd Support: https://www.debian.org/support The unit freeradius.service completed and consumed the indicated resources. ---------------End of journalctl -xe output-------------------- Although I am not a Systemd or a Freeradius guru, I made a simple investigation with the following results: 1) The provided systemd script contains the following lines: ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/freeradius $FREERADIUS_OPTIONS -Cx -lstdout ExecStart=/usr/sbin/freeradius -f $FREERADIUS_OPTIONS The variable $FREERADIUS_OPTIONS populated in /etc/default/freeradius is set to an empty string ("") - the provided default value. 2) The command in ExecStartPre (/usr/sbin/freeradius -Cx -lstdout) always returns with the message "Configuration appears to be OK". 3) If I run freeradius -f -lstdout (as shown above in ExecStart) from the command line, I am getting the following output depending on the user I am logged in: a) As 'root' *regardless if chroot is enabled or not* or as 'freerad' (the Freeradius user in Debian) *with chroot disabled*, the output is: ----------freeradius -f -lstdout output--------------------- root@raspberry:~# freeradius -f -lstdout Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: Starting - reading configuration files ... Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: Debugger not attached Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: systemd watchdog is disabled Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: Loaded virtual server <default> Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Warning: Ignoring "sql" (see raddb/mods-available/README.rst) Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: Loaded virtual server default Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: # Skipping contents of 'if' as it is always 'false' -- /etc/freeradius/3.0/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel:335 Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: Loaded virtual server inner-tunnel Sat Apr 16 14:23:07 2022 : Info: Ready to process requests ----------End of freeradius -f -lstdout output-------------- b) As 'freerad' *with chroot enabled*, freeradius -f -lstdout returns immediately without reporting or logging any error(s): ----------freeradius -f -lstdout output--------------------- freerad@raspberry:$ freeradius -f -lstdout Sat Apr 16 14:24:50 2022 : Info: Starting - reading configuration files ... freerad@raspberry:$ ----------End of freeradius -f -lstdout output-------------- Is this a permission problem or am I doing something wrong? Thank you in advance, Antonios