FreeRADIUS PostgreSQL sslrootcert only

27 Mar 2026

      Hi Everyone,

Hope this finds you well.

I am looking into hosting options for running a PostgreSQL database in
Azure for FreeRADIUS, which I am currently evaluating using Azure
PostgreSQL Flexible Server. This connects without SSL no problem and
is functioning as needed (authentication and accounting). However,
this will not connect with SSL enabled from FreeRADIUS due to
expecting the sslcert and sslkey, which is not supported by Azure
PostgreSQL Flexible Server or Azure Database for PostgreSQL (i.e.
mutual TLS not supported).

This is as per:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/security/security-tls#oth...

If I attempt to connect using the psql client with only the
sslrootcert PEM file specified, this is working:

psql "port=5432 host=psqlfreeradius.postgres.database.azure.com
user=radius dbname=radius sslmode=verify-full
sslrootcert=/etc/ssl/certs/MSCerts.pem"
Password for user radius:
psql (16.13 (Ubuntu 16.13-0ubuntu0.24.04.1), server 18.2)
WARNING: psql major version 16, server major version 18.
         Some psql features might not work.
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.3, cipher: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

On reading into libpq, these parameters are only ignored
(sslcert/sslkey) when SSL is not attempted. Therefore, I suspect this
is a limitation of using libpq but I am by no means a developer!

My query is whether there is a solution to allow FreeRADIUS to ignore
the sslcert/sslkey being missing from the connection string to enable
this to function similarly to the above or whether this is a
limitation of the Azure service that I am using and I should query
with Microsoft Support.

Please find the debug output below:

FreeRADIUS Version 3.2.8
Copyright (C) 1999-2025 The FreeRADIUS server project and contributors
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE
You may redistribute copies of FreeRADIUS under the terms of the
GNU General Public License
For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYRIGHT

FreeRADIUS is developed, maintained, and supported by InkBridge Networks.
For commercial support, please email sales@inkbridgenetworks.com
https://inkbridgenetworks.com/
Starting - reading configuration files ...
including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary
including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary.dhcp
including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary.vqp
including dictionary file /etc/freeradius/dictionary
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/radiusd.conf
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/proxy.conf
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/clients.conf
including files in directory /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail.log
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/sql
including configuration file
/etc/freeradius/mods-config/sql/main/postgresql/queries.conf
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/realm
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/echo
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/expr
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/mschap
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/sradutmp
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/passwd
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/unix
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/date
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/chap
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/preprocess
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/replicate
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/pap
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/utf8
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/eap
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/linelog
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/radutmp
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/files
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/soh
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/unpack
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/digest
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/exec
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/expiration
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/proxy_rate_limit
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/logintime
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/totp
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/dynamic_clients
including files in directory /etc/freeradius/policy.d/
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/accounting
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/control
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/moonshot-targeted-ids
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/eap
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/operator-name
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/dhcp
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/rfc7542
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/cui
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/canonicalization
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/debug
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/abfab-tr
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/policy.d/filter
including files in directory /etc/freeradius/sites-enabled/
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/sites-enabled/default
including configuration file /etc/freeradius/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel
main {
 security {
        user = "freerad"
        group = "freerad"
        allow_core_dumps = no
 }
        name = "freeradius"
        prefix = "/usr"
        localstatedir = "/var"
        logdir = "/var/log/freeradius"
        run_dir = "/var/run/freeradius"
}
main {
        name = "freeradius"
        prefix = "/usr"
        localstatedir = "/var"
        sbindir = "/usr/sbin"
        logdir = "/var/log/freeradius"
        run_dir = "/var/run/freeradius"
        libdir = "/usr/lib/freeradius"
        radacctdir = "/var/log/freeradius/radacct"
        hostname_lookups = no
        max_request_time = 30
        proxy_dedup_window = 1
        cleanup_delay = 5
        max_requests = 16384
        max_fds = 512
        postauth_client_lost = no
        pidfile = "/var/run/freeradius/freeradius.pid"
        checkrad = "/usr/sbin/checkrad"
        debug_level = 0
        proxy_requests = yes
 log {
        stripped_names = no
        auth = no
        auth_badpass = no
        auth_goodpass = no
        colourise = yes
        msg_denied = "You are already logged in - access denied"
 }
 resources {
 }
 security {
        max_attributes = 200
        reject_delay = 1.000000
        delay_proxy_rejects = no
        status_server = yes
        require_message_authenticator = "auto"
        limit_proxy_state = "auto"
 }
 unlang {
        group_stop_return = no
        policy_stop_return = no
 }
}
radiusd: #### Loading Realms and Home Servers ####
 proxy server {
        retry_delay = 5
        retry_count = 3
        default_fallback = no
        dead_time = 120
        wake_all_if_all_dead = no
 }
 home_server localhost {
        nonblock = no
        ipaddr = 127.0.0.1
        port = 1812
        type = "auth"
        secret = <<< secret >>>
        response_window = 20.000000
        response_timeouts = 1
        max_outstanding = 65536
        zombie_period = 40
        status_check = "status-server"
        ping_interval = 30
        check_interval = 30
        check_timeout = 4
        num_answers_to_alive = 3
        revive_interval = 120
  limit {
        max_connections = 16
        max_requests = 0
        lifetime = 0
        idle_timeout = 0
  }
  coa {
        irt = 2
        mrt = 16
        mrc = 5
        mrd = 30
  }
 }
 home_server_pool my_auth_failover {
        type = fail-over
        home_server = localhost
 }
 realm example.com {
        auth_pool = my_auth_failover
 }
 realm LOCAL {
 }
radiusd: #### Loading Clients ####
 client localhost {
        ipaddr = 127.0.0.1
        secret = <<< secret >>>
        nas_type = "other"
        proto = "*"
  limit {
        max_connections = 16
        lifetime = 0
        idle_timeout = 900
  }
 }
Shared secret for client localhost is short, and likely can be broken
by an attacker.
 client localhost_ipv6 {
        ipv6addr = ::1
        secret = <<< secret >>>
  limit {
        max_connections = 16
        lifetime = 0
        idle_timeout = 30
  }
 }
Shared secret for client localhost_ipv6 is short, and likely can be
broken by an attacker.
 client org_10 {
        ipaddr = 10.0.0.0/8
        secret = <<< secret >>>
  limit {
        max_connections = 16
        lifetime = 0
        idle_timeout = 30
  }
 }
 client org_172_16 {
        ipaddr = 172.16.0.0/12
        secret = <<< secret >>>
  limit {
        max_connections = 16
        lifetime = 0
        idle_timeout = 30
  }
 }
 client org_192_168 {
        ipaddr = 192.168.0.0/16
        secret = <<< secret >>>
  limit {
        max_connections = 16
        lifetime = 0
        idle_timeout = 30
  }
 }
Debugger not attached
Configuration version: 7513-5adf-1687-8734
systemd watchdog is disabled
 # Creating Auth-Type = mschap
 # Creating Auth-Type = digest
 # Creating Auth-Type = eap
 # Creating Auth-Type = PAP
 # Creating Auth-Type = CHAP
 # Creating Auth-Type = MS-CHAP
 # Creating Autz-Type = New-TLS-Connection
radiusd: #### Instantiating modules ####
 modules {
  # Loaded module rlm_detail
  # Loading module "auth_log" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail.log
  detail auth_log {
        filename =
"/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/auth-detail-%Y%m%d"
        header = "%t"
        permissions = 384
        locking = no
        dates_as_integer = no
        escape_filenames = no
        log_packet_header = no
  }
  # Loading module "reply_log" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail.log
  detail reply_log {
        filename =
"/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/reply-detail-%Y%m%d"
        header = "%t"
        permissions = 384
        locking = no
        dates_as_integer = no
        escape_filenames = no
        log_packet_header = no
  }
  # Loading module "pre_proxy_log" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail.log
  detail pre_proxy_log {
        filename =
"/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/pre-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d"
        header = "%t"
        permissions = 384
        locking = no
        dates_as_integer = no
        escape_filenames = no
        log_packet_header = no
  }
  # Loading module "post_proxy_log" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail.log
  detail post_proxy_log {
        filename =
"/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/post-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d"
        header = "%t"
        permissions = 384
        locking = no
        dates_as_integer = no
        escape_filenames = no
        log_packet_header = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_sql
  # Loading module "sql" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/sql
  sql {
        driver = "rlm_sql_postgresql"
        server = ""
        port = 0
        login = ""
        password = <<< secret >>>
        radius_db = "host=psqlfreeradius.postgres.database.azure.com
port=5432 dbname=radius user=radius password=raddpass
sslmode=verify-full sslrootcert=/etc/ssl/certs/MSCerts.pem"
        read_groups = yes
        read_profiles = yes
        read_clients = no
        delete_stale_sessions = yes
        sql_user_name = "%{User-Name}"
        default_user_profile = ""
        client_query = "SELECT id, nasname, shortname, type, secret,
server FROM nas"
        authorize_check_query = "SELECT id, UserName, Attribute,
Value, Op FROM radcheck WHERE Username = '%{SQL-User-Name}' ORDER BY
id"
        authorize_reply_query = "SELECT id, UserName, Attribute,
Value, Op FROM radreply WHERE Username = '%{SQL-User-Name}' ORDER BY
id"
        authorize_group_check_query = "SELECT id, GroupName,
Attribute, Value, op FROM radgroupcheck WHERE GroupName =
'%{SQL-Group}' ORDER BY id"
        authorize_group_reply_query = "SELECT id, GroupName,
Attribute, Value, op FROM radgroupreply WHERE GroupName =
'%{SQL-Group}' ORDER BY id"
        group_membership_query = "SELECT GroupName FROM radusergroup
WHERE UserName='%{SQL-User-Name}' ORDER BY priority"
        simul_count_query = "SELECT COUNT(RadAcctId) FROM radacct a
LEFT OUTER JOIN nasreload n USING (NASIPAddress) WHERE
UserName='%{SQL-User-Name}' AND AcctStopTime IS NULL AND
(a.AcctStartTime > n.ReloadTime OR n.ReloadTime IS NULL)"
        simul_verify_query = "SELECT RadAcctId, AcctSessionId,
UserName, NASIPAddress, NASPortId, FramedIPAddress, CallingStationId,
FramedProtocol FROM radacct a LEFT OUTER JOIN nasreload n USING
(nasipaddress) WHERE UserName='%{SQL-User-Name}' AND AcctStopTime IS
NULL AND (a.AcctStartTime > n.reloadtime OR n.reloadtime IS NULL)"
        safe_characters =
"@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789.-_:
/"
        auto_escape = no
        record_query_number = no
   accounting {
        reference =
"%{tolower:type.%{%{Acct-Status-Type}:-%{Request-Processing-Stage}}.query}"
    type {
     accounting-on {
        query = "UPDATE radacct SET AcctStopTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctUpdateTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctSessionTime =
(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l} - EXTRACT(EPOCH
FROM(AcctStartTime))), AcctTerminateCause =
'%{%{Acct-Terminate-Cause}:-NAS-Reboot}' WHERE AcctStopTime IS NULL
AND NASIPAddress= '%{%{NAS-IPv6-Address}:-%{NAS-IP-Address}}' AND
AcctStartTime <= TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l})"
     }
     accounting-off {
        query = "UPDATE radacct SET AcctStopTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctUpdateTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctSessionTime =
(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l} - EXTRACT(EPOCH
FROM(AcctStartTime))), AcctTerminateCause =
'%{%{Acct-Terminate-Cause}:-NAS-Reboot}' WHERE AcctStopTime IS NULL
AND NASIPAddress= '%{%{NAS-IPv6-Address}:-%{NAS-IP-Address}}' AND
AcctStartTime <= TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l})"
     }
     start {
        query = "INSERT INTO radacct (AcctSessionId, AcctUniqueId,
UserName, Realm, NASIPAddress, NASPortId, NASPortType, AcctStartTime,
AcctUpdateTime, AcctStopTime, AcctSessionTime, AcctAuthentic,
ConnectInfo_start, ConnectInfo_Stop, AcctInputOctets,
AcctOutputOctets, CalledStationId, CallingStationId,
AcctTerminateCause, ServiceType, FramedProtocol, FramedIpAddress,
FramedIpv6Address, FramedIpv6Prefix, FramedInterfaceId,
DelegatedIpv6Prefix ) VALUES('%{Acct-Session-Id}',
'%{Acct-Unique-Session-Id}', '%{SQL-User-Name}', NULLIF('%{Realm}',
''), '%{%{NAS-IPv6-Address}:-%{NAS-IP-Address}}',
NULLIF('%{%{NAS-Port-ID}:-%{NAS-Port}}', ''), '%{NAS-Port-Type}',
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}),
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), NULL, 0,
'%{Acct-Authentic}', '%{Connect-Info}', NULL, 0, 0,
'%{Called-Station-Id}', '%{Calling-Station-Id}', NULL,
'%{Service-Type}', '%{Framed-Protocol}',
NULLIF('%{Framed-IP-Address}', '')::inet,
NULLIF('%{Framed-IPv6-Address}', '')::inet,
NULLIF('%{Framed-IPv6-Prefix}', '')::inet,
NULLIF('%{Framed-Interface-Id}', ''),
NULLIF('%{Delegated-IPv6-Prefix}', '')::inet  ) ON CONFLICT
(AcctUniqueId) DO UPDATE SET AcctStartTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctUpdateTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), ConnectInfo_start =
'%{Connect-Info}' WHERE radacct.AcctUniqueId =
'%{Acct-Unique-Session-Id}' AND radacct.AcctStopTime IS NULL"
     }
     interim-update {
        query = "UPDATE radacct SET FramedIPAddress =
NULLIF('%{Framed-IP-Address}', '')::inet, FramedIPv6Address =
NULLIF('%{Framed-IPv6-Address}', '')::inet, FramedIPv6Prefix =
NULLIF('%{Framed-IPv6-Prefix}', '')::inet, FramedInterfaceId =
NULLIF('%{Framed-Interface-Id}', ''), DelegatedIPv6Prefix =
NULLIF('%{Delegated-IPv6-Prefix}', '')::inet, AcctSessionTime =
%{%{Acct-Session-Time}:-NULL}, AcctInterval =
(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l} - EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM
(COALESCE(AcctUpdateTime, AcctStartTime)))), AcctUpdateTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctInputOctets =
(('%{%{Acct-Input-Gigawords}:-0}'::bigint << 32) +
'%{%{Acct-Input-Octets}:-0}'::bigint), AcctOutputOctets =
(('%{%{Acct-Output-Gigawords}:-0}'::bigint << 32) +
'%{%{Acct-Output-Octets}:-0}'::bigint) WHERE AcctUniqueId =
'%{Acct-Unique-Session-Id}' AND AcctStopTime IS NULL"
     }
     stop {
        query = "UPDATE radacct SET AcctStopTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctUpdateTime =
TO_TIMESTAMP(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l}), AcctSessionTime =
COALESCE(%{%{Acct-Session-Time}:-NULL},
(%{%{integer:Event-Timestamp}:-%l} - EXTRACT(EPOCH
FROM(AcctStartTime)))), AcctInputOctets =
(('%{%{Acct-Input-Gigawords}:-0}'::bigint << 32) +
'%{%{Acct-Input-Octets}:-0}'::bigint), AcctOutputOctets =
(('%{%{Acct-Output-Gigawords}:-0}'::bigint << 32) +
'%{%{Acct-Output-Octets}:-0}'::bigint), AcctTerminateCause =
'%{Acct-Terminate-Cause}', FramedIPAddress =
NULLIF('%{Framed-IP-Address}', '')::inet, FramedIPv6Address =
NULLIF('%{Framed-IPv6-Address}', '')::inet, FramedIPv6Prefix =
NULLIF('%{Framed-IPv6-Prefix}', '')::inet, FramedInterfaceId =
NULLIF('%{Framed-Interface-Id}', ''), DelegatedIPv6Prefix =
NULLIF('%{Delegated-IPv6-Prefix}', '')::inet, ConnectInfo_stop =
'%{Connect-Info}' WHERE AcctUniqueId = '%{Acct-Unique-Session-Id}' AND
AcctStopTime IS NULL"
     }
    }
   }
   post-auth {
        reference = ".query"
        query = "INSERT INTO radpostauth (username, pass, reply,
authdate ) VALUES('%{User-Name}',
'%{%{User-Password}:-%{Chap-Password}}', '%{reply:Packet-Type}',
'%S.%M' )"
   }
  }
rlm_sql (sql): Driver rlm_sql_postgresql (module rlm_sql_postgresql)
loaded and linked
Creating attribute SQL-Group
  # Loaded module rlm_realm
  # Loading module "IPASS" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/realm
  realm IPASS {
        format = "prefix"
        delimiter = "/"
        ignore_default = no
        ignore_null = no
  }
  # Loading module "suffix" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/realm
  realm suffix {
        format = "suffix"
        delimiter = "@"
        ignore_default = no
        ignore_null = no
  }
  # Loading module "bangpath" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/realm
  realm bangpath {
        format = "prefix"
        delimiter = "!"
        ignore_default = no
        ignore_null = no
  }
  # Loading module "realmpercent" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/realm
  realm realmpercent {
        format = "suffix"
        delimiter = "%"
        ignore_default = no
        ignore_null = no
  }
  # Loading module "ntdomain" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/realm
  realm ntdomain {
        format = "prefix"
        delimiter = "\"
        ignore_default = no
        ignore_null = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_exec
  # Loading module "echo" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/echo
  exec echo {
        wait = yes
        program = "/bin/echo %{User-Name}"
        input_pairs = "request"
        output_pairs = "reply"
        shell_escape = yes
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_expr
  # Loading module "expr" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/expr
  expr {
        safe_characters =
"@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789.-_:
/äéöüàâæçèéêëîïôœùûüaÿÄÉÖÜßÀÂÆÇÈÉÊËÎÏÔŒÙÛÜŸ"
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_mschap
  # Loading module "mschap" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/mschap
  mschap {
        use_mppe = yes
        require_encryption = no
        require_strong = no
        with_ntdomain_hack = yes
   passchange {
   }
        allow_retry = yes
        winbind_retry_with_normalised_username = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_radutmp
  # Loading module "sradutmp" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/sradutmp
  radutmp sradutmp {
        filename = "/var/log/freeradius/sradutmp"
        username = "%{User-Name}"
        case_sensitive = yes
        check_with_nas = yes
        permissions = 420
        caller_id = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_passwd
  # Loading module "etc_passwd" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/passwd
  passwd etc_passwd {
        filename = "/etc/passwd"
        format = "*User-Name:Crypt-Password:"
        delimiter = ":"
        ignore_nislike = no
        ignore_empty = yes
        allow_multiple_keys = no
        hash_size = 100
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_unix
  # Loading module "unix" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/unix
  unix {
        radwtmp = "/var/log/freeradius/radwtmp"
  }
Creating attribute Unix-Group
  # Loaded module rlm_date
  # Loading module "date" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/date
  date {
        format = "%b %e %Y %H:%M:%S %Z"
        utc = no
  }
  # Loading module "wispr2date" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/date
  date wispr2date {
        format = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"
        utc = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_chap
  # Loading module "chap" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/chap
  # Loaded module rlm_preprocess
  # Loading module "preprocess" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/preprocess
  preprocess {
        huntgroups = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/preprocess/huntgroups"
        hints = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/preprocess/hints"
        with_ascend_hack = no
        ascend_channels_per_line = 23
        with_ntdomain_hack = no
        with_specialix_jetstream_hack = no
        with_cisco_vsa_hack = no
        with_alvarion_vsa_hack = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_replicate
  # Loading module "replicate" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/replicate
  # Loaded module rlm_pap
  # Loading module "pap" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/pap
  pap {
        normalise = yes
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_utf8
  # Loading module "utf8" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/utf8
  # Loaded module rlm_eap
  # Loading module "eap" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/eap
  eap {
        default_eap_type = "md5"
        timer_expire = 60
        max_eap_type = 52
        ignore_unknown_eap_types = no
        cisco_accounting_username_bug = no
        max_sessions = 16384
        dedup_key = ""
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_linelog
  # Loading module "linelog" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/linelog
  linelog {
        filename = "/var/log/freeradius/linelog"
        escape_filenames = no
        syslog_severity = "info"
        permissions = 384
        format = "This is a log message for %{User-Name}"
        reference = "messages.%{%{reply:Packet-Type}:-default}"
  }
  # Loading module "log_accounting" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/linelog
  linelog log_accounting {
        filename = "/var/log/freeradius/linelog-accounting"
        escape_filenames = no
        syslog_severity = "info"
        permissions = 384
        format = ""
        reference = "Accounting-Request.%{%{Acct-Status-Type}:-unknown}"
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_attr_filter
  # Loading module "attr_filter.post-proxy" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
  attr_filter attr_filter.post-proxy {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/attr_filter/post-proxy"
        key = "%{Realm}"
        relaxed = no
  }
  # Loading module "attr_filter.pre-proxy" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
  attr_filter attr_filter.pre-proxy {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/attr_filter/pre-proxy"
        key = "%{Realm}"
        relaxed = no
  }
  # Loading module "attr_filter.access_reject" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
  attr_filter attr_filter.access_reject {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/attr_filter/access_reject"
        key = "%{User-Name}"
        relaxed = no
  }
  # Loading module "attr_filter.access_challenge" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
  attr_filter attr_filter.access_challenge {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/attr_filter/access_challenge"
        key = "%{User-Name}"
        relaxed = no
  }
  # Loading module "attr_filter.accounting_response" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
  attr_filter attr_filter.accounting_response {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/attr_filter/accounting_response"
        key = "%{User-Name}"
        relaxed = no
  }
  # Loading module "attr_filter.coa" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/attr_filter
  attr_filter attr_filter.coa {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/attr_filter/coa"
        key = "%{User-Name}"
        relaxed = no
  }
  # Loading module "radutmp" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/radutmp
  radutmp {
        filename = "/var/log/freeradius/radutmp"
        username = "%{User-Name}"
        case_sensitive = yes
        check_with_nas = yes
        permissions = 384
        caller_id = yes
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_files
  # Loading module "files" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/files
  files {
        filename = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/files/authorize"
        acctusersfile = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/files/accounting"
        preproxy_usersfile = "/etc/freeradius/mods-config/files/pre-proxy"
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_soh
  # Loading module "soh" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/soh
  soh {
        dhcp = yes
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_always
  # Loading module "reject" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always reject {
        rcode = "reject"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "fail" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always fail {
        rcode = "fail"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "ok" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always ok {
        rcode = "ok"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "handled" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always handled {
        rcode = "handled"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "invalid" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always invalid {
        rcode = "invalid"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "userlock" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always userlock {
        rcode = "userlock"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "notfound" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always notfound {
        rcode = "notfound"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "noop" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always noop {
        rcode = "noop"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loading module "updated" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/always
  always updated {
        rcode = "updated"
        simulcount = 0
        mpp = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_unpack
  # Loading module "unpack" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/unpack
  # Loading module "ntlm_auth" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth
  exec ntlm_auth {
        wait = yes
        program = "/path/to/ntlm_auth --request-nt-key
--domain=MYDOMAIN --username=%{mschap:User-Name}
--password=%{User-Password}"
        shell_escape = yes
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_digest
  # Loading module "digest" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/digest
  # Loading module "exec" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/exec
  exec {
        wait = no
        input_pairs = "request"
        shell_escape = yes
        timeout = 10
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_expiration
  # Loading module "expiration" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/expiration
  # Loaded module rlm_proxy_rate_limit
  # Loading module "proxy_rate_limit" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/proxy_rate_limit
  proxy_rate_limit {
        max_entries = 2048
        idle_timeout = 10
        num_subtables = 256
        window = 1
  }
  # Loading module "detail" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/detail
  detail {
        filename =
"/var/log/freeradius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/detail-%Y%m%d"
        header = "%t"
        permissions = 384
        locking = no
        dates_as_integer = no
        escape_filenames = no
        log_packet_header = no
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_logintime
  # Loading module "logintime" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/logintime
  logintime {
        minimum_timeout = 60
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_totp
  # Loading module "totp" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/totp
  totp {
        time_step = 30
        otp_length = 6
        lookback_steps = 1
        lookback_interval = 30
        lookforward_steps = 0
  }
  # Loaded module rlm_dynamic_clients
  # Loading module "dynamic_clients" from file
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/dynamic_clients
  instantiate {
  # Instantiating module "sql" from file /etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/sql
   postgresql {
        send_application_name = yes
   }
rlm_sql (sql): Attempting to connect to database
"host=psqlfreeradius.postgres.database.azure.com port=5432
dbname=radius user=radius password=raddpass sslmode=verify-full
sslrootcert=/etc/ssl/certs/MSCerts.pem"
rlm_sql (sql): Initialising connection pool
   pool {
        start = 5
        min = 3
        max = 32
        spare = 10
        uses = 0
        lifetime = 0
        cleanup_interval = 30
        idle_timeout = 60
        retry_delay = 30
        max_retries = 5
        spread = no
   }
rlm_sql (sql): Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 32 pending slots used
rlm_sql_postgresql: Connecting using parameters:
host=psqlfreeradius.postgres.database.azure.com port=5432
dbname=radius user=radius password=raddpass sslmode=verify-full
sslrootcert=/etc/ssl/certs/MSCerts.pem application_name='FreeRADIUS
3.2.8 - radiusd (sql)'
rlm_sql_postgresql: Connection failed: connection to server at
"psqlfreeradius.postgres.database.azure.com" (10.86.36.196), port 5432
failed: could not open certificate file
"/root/.postgresql/postgresql.crt": Permission denied
rlm_sql_postgresql: Socket destructor called, closing socket
rlm_sql (sql): Opening connection failed (0)
rlm_sql (sql): Removing connection pool
/etc/freeradius/mods-enabled/sql[27]: Instantiation failed for module "sql"

Thank you in advance for any guidance.

Kind regards
Sam

FreeRADIUS PostgreSQL sslrootcert only

Sam Hutchings