eDirectory Issues

12 Jul 2005

      I appologize in advance, but I am new to FreeRADIUS and RADIUS in general.

Here is my setup:
- Server with FreeRADIUS 1.0.4 --with-edir on FreeBSD 4.11
- Server with NetWare 6.5.4

Here is what I am trying to accomplish:
- Get FreeRADIUS to authenticate VPN users (Cisco VPN Contentrator) to LDAP
database in NetWare tree.

Here is what I DON'T want to do:
- Mess with eDirectory (profiles, extending the schema, etc.)

Basically, when this configuration is moved into production, FreeRADIUS would
authenticate users who IDs already exist in a complex, mature NetWare eDir tree.
 I don't want to mess with Universal Passwords, extending the schema, etc.  I
have already sucessfully configured the Cisco VPN Concentrator to authenticate
users using FreeRADIUS and the UNIX users list.  However, I can't get FreeRADIUS
to successfully query the LDAP database on the NetWare server.

I have been through Novell's documentation, but their docs include building
RADIUS profiles, extending the schema, etc.  This is something that I am not
going to be able to do.  I have also been up and down the web, FreeRADIUS mail
lists, docs, etc.  I have found threads where it is mentioned that you can get
FreeRADIUS to authenticate users to a NetWare LDAP directory using cleartext,
but I have not been able to do this myself.

I would like to take this in stages: 
1. Succesfully query LDAP without security (with the assumption that this would
be the easiest first step).
2. Get FreeRADIUS to query LDAP securely.

Below you will find the following:
- Text from radiusd.conf file
- Output from radiusd -X
- Text from radius.log file

Here is my radiusd.conf file.  I have included the entire file since I am afraid
that if I only include what I deem to be relevant information, I will be leaving
out something crucial:

-----BEGIN RADIUSD.CONF-----
##
## radiusd.conf -- FreeRADIUS server configuration file.
##
##      http://www.freeradius.org/
##      $Id: radiusd.conf.in,v 1.188.2.4 2005/06/11 22:20:40 nbk Exp $
##

#       The location of other config files and
#       logfiles are declared in this file
#
#       Also general configuration for modules can be done
#       in this file, it is exported through the API to
#       modules that ask for it.
#
#       The configuration variables defined here are of the form ${foo}
#       They are local to this file, and do not change from request to
#       request.
#
#       The per-request variables are of the form %{Attribute-Name}, and
#       are taken from the values of the attribute in the incoming
#       request.  See 'doc/variables.txt' for more information.

prefix = /usr/local
exec_prefix = ${prefix}
sysconfdir = ${prefix}/etc
localstatedir = /var
sbindir = ${exec_prefix}/sbin
logdir = /var/log
raddbdir = ${sysconfdir}/raddb
radacctdir = ${logdir}/radacct

#  Location of config and logfiles.
confdir = ${raddbdir}
run_dir = ${localstatedir}/run/radiusd

#
#  The logging messages for the server are appended to the
#  tail of this file.
#
log_file = ${logdir}/radius.log

#
# libdir: Where to find the rlm_* modules.
#
#   This should be automatically set at configuration time.
#
#   If the server builds and installs, but fails at execution time
#   with an 'undefined symbol' error, then you can use the libdir
#   directive to work around the problem.
#
#   The cause is usually that a library has been installed on your
#   system in a place where the dynamic linker CANNOT find it.  When
#   executing as root (or another user), your personal environment MAY
#   be set up to allow the dynamic linker to find the library.  When
#   executing as a daemon, FreeRADIUS MAY NOT have the same
#   personalized configuration.
#
#   To work around the problem, find out which library contains that symbol,
#   and add the directory containing that library to the end of 'libdir',
#   with a colon separating the directory names.  NO spaces are allowed.
#
#   e.g. libdir = /usr/local/lib:/opt/package/lib
#
#   You can also try setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable
#   in a script which starts the server.
#
#   If that does not work, then you can re-configure and re-build the
#   server to NOT use shared libraries, via:
#
#       ./configure --disable-shared
#       make
#       make install
#
libdir = ${exec_prefix}/lib

#  pidfile: Where to place the PID of the RADIUS server.
#
#  The server may be signalled while it's running by using this
#  file.
#
#  This file is written when ONLY running in daemon mode.
#
#  e.g.:  kill -HUP `cat /var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid`
#
pidfile = ${run_dir}/radiusd.pid

# user/group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run radiusd as.
#
#   If these are commented out, the server will run as the user/group
#   that started it.  In order to change to a different user/group, you
#   MUST be root ( or have root privleges ) to start the server.
#
#   We STRONGLY recommend that you run the server with as few permissions
#   as possible.  That is, if you're not using shadow passwords, the
#   user and group items below should be set to 'nobody'.
#
#    On SCO (ODT 3) use "user = nouser" and "group = nogroup".
#
#  NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(group) when the value of
#  (unsigned)group is above 60000; don't use group nobody on these systems!
#
#  On systems with shadow passwords, you might have to set 'group = shadow'
#  for the server to be able to read the shadow password file.  If you can
#  authenticate users while in debug mode, but not in daemon mode, it may be
#  that the debugging mode server is running as a user that can read the
#  shadow info, and the user listed below can not.
#
#user = nobody
#group = nobody

#  max_request_time: The maximum time (in seconds) to handle a request.
#
#  Requests which take more time than this to process may be killed, and
#  a REJECT message is returned.
#
#  WARNING: If you notice that requests take a long time to be handled,
#  then this MAY INDICATE a bug in the server, in one of the modules
#  used to handle a request, OR in your local configuration.
#
#  This problem is most often seen when using an SQL database.  If it takes
#  more than a second or two to receive an answer from the SQL database,
#  then it probably means that you haven't indexed the database.  See your
#  SQL server documentation for more information.
#
#  Useful range of values: 5 to 120
#
max_request_time = 30

#  delete_blocked_requests: If the request takes MORE THAN 'max_request_time'
#  to be handled, then maybe the server should delete it.
#
#  If you're running in threaded, or thread pool mode, this setting
#  should probably be 'no'.  Setting it to 'yes' when using a threaded
#  server MAY cause the server to crash!
#
delete_blocked_requests = no

#  cleanup_delay: The time to wait (in seconds) before cleaning up
#  a reply which was sent to the NAS.
#
#  The RADIUS request is normally cached internally for a short period
#  of time, after the reply is sent to the NAS.  The reply packet may be
#  lost in the network, and the NAS will not see it.  The NAS will then
#  re-send the request, and the server will respond quickly with the
#  cached reply.
#
#  If this value is set too low, then duplicate requests from the NAS
#  MAY NOT be detected, and will instead be handled as seperate requests.
#
#  If this value is set too high, then the server will cache too many
#  requests, and some new requests may get blocked.  (See 'max_requests'.)
#
#  Useful range of values: 2 to 10
#
cleanup_delay = 5

#  max_requests: The maximum number of requests which the server keeps
#  track of.  This should be 256 multiplied by the number of clients.
#  e.g. With 4 clients, this number should be 1024.
#
#  If this number is too low, then when the server becomes busy,
#  it will not respond to any new requests, until the 'cleanup_delay'
#  time has passed, and it has removed the old requests.
#
#  If this number is set too high, then the server will use a bit more
#  memory for no real benefit.
#
#  If you aren't sure what it should be set to, it's better to set it
#  too high than too low.  Setting it to 1000 per client is probably
#  the highest it should be.
#
#  Useful range of values: 256 to infinity
#
max_requests = 1024

#  bind_address:  Make the server listen on a particular IP address, and
#  send replies out from that address.  This directive is most useful
#  for machines with multiple IP addresses on one interface.
#
#  It can either contain "*", or an IP address, or a fully qualified
#  Internet domain name.  The default is "*"
#
#  As of 1.0, you can also use the "listen" directive.  See below for
#  more information.
#
bind_address = *

#  port: Allows you to bind FreeRADIUS to a specific port.
#
#  The default port that most NAS boxes use is 1645, which is historical.
#  RFC 2138 defines 1812 to be the new port.  Many new servers and
#  NAS boxes use 1812, which can create interoperability problems.
#
#  The port is defined here to be 0 so that the server will pick up
#  the machine's local configuration for the radius port, as defined
#  in /etc/services.
#
#  If you want to use the default RADIUS port as defined on your server,
#  (usually through 'grep radius /etc/services') set this to 0 (zero).
#
#  A port given on the command-line via '-p' over-rides this one.
#
#  As of 1.0, you can also use the "listen" directive.  See below for
#  more information.
#
port = 0

#
#  By default, the server uses "bind_address" to listen to all IP's
#  on a machine, or just one IP.  The "port" configuration is used
#  to select the authentication port used when listening on those
#  addresses.
#
#  If you want the server to listen on additional addresses, you can
#  use the "listen" section.  A sample section (commented out) is included
#  below.  This "listen" section duplicates the functionality of the
#  "bind_address" and "port" configuration entries, but it only listens
#  for authentication packets.
#
#  If you comment out the "bind_address" and "port" configuration entries,
#  then it becomes possible to make the server accept only accounting,
#  or authentication packets.  Previously, it always listened for both
#  types of packets, and it was impossible to make it listen for only
#  one type of packet.
#
#listen {
        #  IP address on which to listen.
        #  Allowed values are:
        #       dotted quad (1.2.3.4)
        #       hostname    (radius.example.com)
        #       wildcard    (*)
#       ipaddr = *

        #  Port on which to listen.
        #  Allowed values are:
        #       integer port number (1812)
        #       0 means "use /etc/services for the proper port"
#       port = 0

        #  Type of packets to listen for.
        #  Allowed values are:
        #       auth    listen for authentication packets
        #       acct    listen for accounting packets
        #
#       type = auth
#}

#  hostname_lookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
#  e.g., www.freeradius.org (on) or 206.47.27.232 (off).
#
#  The default is 'off' because it would be overall better for the net
#  if people had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it
#  means that each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup
#  request to the nameserver.   Enabling hostname_lookups will also
#  mean that your server may stop randomly for 30 seconds from time
#  to time, if the DNS requests take too long.
#
#  Turning hostname lookups off also means that the server won't block
#  for 30 seconds, if it sees an IP address which has no name associated
#  with it.
#
#  allowed values: {no, yes}
#
hostname_lookups = no

#  Core dumps are a bad thing.  This should only be set to 'yes'
#  if you're debugging a problem with the server.
#
#  allowed values: {no, yes}
#
allow_core_dumps = no

#  Regular expressions
#
#  These items are set at configure time.  If they're set to "yes",
#  then setting them to "no" turns off regular expression support.
#
#  If they're set to "no" at configure time, then setting them to "yes"
#  WILL NOT WORK.  It will give you an error.
#
regular_expressions     = yes
extended_expressions    = yes

#  Log the full User-Name attribute, as it was found in the request.
#
# allowed values: {no, yes}
#
log_stripped_names = no

#  Log authentication requests to the log file.
#
#  allowed values: {no, yes}
#
log_auth = no

#  Log passwords with the authentication requests.
#  log_auth_badpass  - logs password if it's rejected
#  log_auth_goodpass - logs password if it's correct
#
#  allowed values: {no, yes}
#
log_auth_badpass = no
log_auth_goodpass = no

# usercollide:  Turn "username collision" code on and off.  See the
# "doc/duplicate-users" file
#
#  WARNING
#  !!!!!!!  Setting this to "yes" may result in the server behaving
#  !!!!!!!  strangely.  The "username collision" code will ONLY work
#  !!!!!!!  with clear-text passwords.  Even then, it may not do what
#  !!!!!!!  you want, or what you expect.
#  !!!!!!!
#  !!!!!!!  We STRONGLY RECOMMEND that you do not use this feature,
#  !!!!!!!  and that you find another way of acheiving the same goal.
#  !!!!!!!
#  !!!!!!!  e,g. module fail-over.  See 'doc/configurable_failover'
#  WARNING
#
usercollide = no

# lower_user / lower_pass:
# Lower case the username/password "before" or "after"
# attempting to authenticate.
#
#  If "before", the server will first modify the request and then try
#  to auth the user.  If "after", the server will first auth using the
#  values provided by the user.  If that fails it will reprocess the
#  request after modifying it as you specify below.
#
#  This is as close as we can get to case insensitivity.  It is the
#  admin's job to ensure that the username on the auth db side is
#  *also* lowercase to make this work
#
# Default is 'no' (don't lowercase values)
# Valid values = "before" / "after" / "no"
#
lower_user = no
lower_pass = no

# nospace_user / nospace_pass:
#
#  Some users like to enter spaces in their username or password
#  incorrectly.  To save yourself the tech support call, you can
#  eliminate those spaces here:
#
# Default is 'no' (don't remove spaces)
# Valid values = "before" / "after" / "no" (explanation above)
#
nospace_user = no
nospace_pass = no

#  The program to execute to do concurrency checks.
checkrad = ${sbindir}/checkrad

# SECURITY CONFIGURATION
#
#  There may be multiple methods of attacking on the server.  This
#  section holds the configuration items which minimize the impact
#  of those attacks
#
security {
        #
        #  max_attributes: The maximum number of attributes
        #  permitted in a RADIUS packet.  Packets which have MORE
        #  than this number of attributes in them will be dropped.
        #
        #  If this number is set too low, then no RADIUS packets
        #  will be accepted.
        #
        #  If this number is set too high, then an attacker may be
        #  able to send a small number of packets which will cause
        #  the server to use all available memory on the machine.
        #
        #  Setting this number to 0 means "allow any number of attributes"
        max_attributes = 200

        #
        #  delayed_reject: When sending an Access-Reject, it can be
        #  delayed for a few seconds.  This may help slow down a DoS
        #  attack.  It also helps to slow down people trying to brute-force
        #  crack a users password.
        #
        #  Setting this number to 0 means "send rejects immediately"
        #
        #  If this number is set higher than 'cleanup_delay', then the
        #  rejects will be sent at 'cleanup_delay' time, when the request
        #  is deleted from the internal cache of requests.
        #
        #  Useful ranges: 1 to 5
        reject_delay = 1

        #
        #  status_server: Whether or not the server will respond
        #  to Status-Server requests.
        #
        #  Normally this should be set to "no", because they're useless.
        #  See: http://www.freeradius.org/rfc/rfc2865.html#Keep-Alives
        #
        #  However, certain NAS boxes may require them.
        #
        #  When sent a Status-Server message, the server responds with
        #  an Access-Accept packet, containing a Reply-Message attribute,
        #  which is a string describing how long the server has been
        #  running.
        #
        status_server = no
}

# PROXY CONFIGURATION
#
#  proxy_requests: Turns proxying of RADIUS requests on or off.
#
#  The server has proxying turned on by default.  If your system is NOT
#  set up to proxy requests to another server, then you can turn proxying
#  off here.  This will save a small amount of resources on the server.
#
#  If you have proxying turned off, and your configuration files say
#  to proxy a request, then an error message will be logged.
#
#  To disable proxying, change the "yes" to "no", and comment the
#  $INCLUDE line.
#
#  allowed values: {no, yes}
#
# proxy_requests  = yes
# $INCLUDE  ${confdir}/proxy.conf

# CLIENTS CONFIGURATION
#
#  Client configuration is defined in "clients.conf".
#

#  The 'clients.conf' file contains all of the information from the old
#  'clients' and 'naslist' configuration files.  We recommend that you
#  do NOT use 'client's or 'naslist', although they are still
#  supported.
#
#  Anything listed in 'clients.conf' will take precedence over the
#  information from the old-style configuration files.
#
$INCLUDE  ${confdir}/clients.conf

# SNMP CONFIGURATION
#
#  Snmp configuration is only valid if SNMP support was enabled
#  at compile time.
#
#  To enable SNMP querying of the server, set the value of the
#  'snmp' attribute to 'yes'
#
# snmp  = no
# $INCLUDE  ${confdir}/snmp.conf

# THREAD POOL CONFIGURATION
#
#  The thread pool is a long-lived group of threads which
#  take turns (round-robin) handling any incoming requests.
#
#  You probably want to have a few spare threads around,
#  so that high-load situations can be handled immediately.  If you
#  don't have any spare threads, then the request handling will
#  be delayed while a new thread is created, and added to the pool.
#
#  You probably don't want too many spare threads around,
#  otherwise they'll be sitting there taking up resources, and
#  not doing anything productive.
#
#  The numbers given below should be adequate for most situations.
#
thread pool {
        #  Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable
        #  ballpark figure.
        start_servers = 5

        #  Limit on the total number of servers running.
        #
        #  If this limit is ever reached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it
        #  should NOT BE SET TOO LOW.  It is intended mainly as a brake to
        #  keep a runaway server from taking the system with it as it spirals
        #  down...
        #
        #  You may find that the server is regularly reaching the
        #  'max_servers' number of threads, and that increasing
        #  'max_servers' doesn't seem to make much difference.
        #
        #  If this is the case, then the problem is MOST LIKELY that
        #  your back-end databases are taking too long to respond, and
        #  are preventing the server from responding in a timely manner.
        #
        #  The solution is NOT do keep increasing the 'max_servers'
        #  value, but instead to fix the underlying cause of the
        #  problem: slow database, or 'hostname_lookups=yes'.
        #
        #  For more information, see 'max_request_time', above.
        #
        max_servers = 32

        #  Server-pool size regulation.  Rather than making you guess
        #  how many servers you need, FreeRADIUS dynamically adapts to
        #  the load it sees, that is, it tries to maintain enough
        #  servers to handle the current load, plus a few spare
        #  servers to handle transient load spikes.
        #
        #  It does this by periodically checking how many servers are
        #  waiting for a request.  If there are fewer than
        #  min_spare_servers, it creates a new spare.  If there are
        #  more than max_spare_servers, some of the spares die off.
        #  The default values are probably OK for most sites.
        #
        min_spare_servers = 3
        max_spare_servers = 10

        #  There may be memory leaks or resource allocation problems with
        #  the server.  If so, set this value to 300 or so, so that the
        #  resources will be cleaned up periodically.
        #
        #  This should only be necessary if there are serious bugs in the
        #  server which have not yet been fixed.
        #
        #  '0' is a special value meaning 'infinity', or 'the servers never
        #  exit'
        max_requests_per_server = 0
}

# MODULE CONFIGURATION
#
#  The names and configuration of each module is located in this section.
#
#  After the modules are defined here, they may be referred to by name,
#  in other sections of this configuration file.
#
modules {
        #
        #  Each module has a configuration as follows:
        #
        #       name [ instance ] {
        #               config_item = value
        #               ...
        #       }
        #
        #  The 'name' is used to load the 'rlm_name' library
        #  which implements the functionality of the module.
        #
        #  The 'instance' is optional.  To have two different instances
        #  of a module, it first must be referred to by 'name'.
        #  The different copies of the module are then created by
        #  inventing two 'instance' names, e.g. 'instance1' and 'instance2'
        #
        #  The instance names can then be used in later configuration
        #  INSTEAD of the original 'name'.  See the 'radutmp' configuration
        #  below for an example.
        #

        # PAP module to authenticate users based on their stored password
        #
        #  Supports multiple encryption schemes
        #  clear: Clear text
        #  crypt: Unix crypt
        #    md5: MD5 ecnryption
        #   sha1: SHA1 encryption.
        #  DEFAULT: crypt
        pap {
                encryption_scheme = crypt
        }

        # CHAP module
        #
        #  To authenticate requests containing a CHAP-Password attribute.
        #
        chap {
                authtype = CHAP
        }

        # Pluggable Authentication Modules
        #
        #  For Linux, see:
        #       http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/index.html
        #
        #  WARNING: On many systems, the system PAM libraries have
        #           memory leaks!  We STRONGLY SUGGEST that you do not
        #           use PAM for authentication, due to those memory leaks.
        #
        pam {
                #
                #  The name to use for PAM authentication.
                #  PAM looks in /etc/pam.d/${pam_auth_name}
                #  for it's configuration.  See 'redhat/radiusd-pam'
                #  for a sample PAM configuration file.
                #
                #  Note that any Pam-Auth attribute set in the 'authorize'
                #  section will over-ride this one.
                #
                pam_auth = radiusd
        }

        # Unix /etc/passwd style authentication
        #
        unix {
                #
                #  Cache /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, and /etc/group
                #
                #  The default is to NOT cache them.
                #
                #  For FreeBSD and NetBSD, you do NOT want to enable
                #  the cache, as it's password lookups are done via a
                #  database, so set this value to 'no'.
                #
                #  Some systems (e.g. RedHat Linux with pam_pwbd) can
                #  take *seconds* to check a password, when th passwd
                #  file containing 1000's of entries.  For those systems,
                #  you should set the cache value to 'yes', and set
                #  the locations of the 'passwd', 'shadow', and 'group'
                #  files, below.
                #
                # allowed values: {no, yes}
                cache = no

                # Reload the cache every 600 seconds (10mins). 0 to disable.
                cache_reload = 600

                #
                #  Define the locations of the normal passwd, shadow, and
                #  group files.
                #
                #  'shadow' is commented out by default, because not all
                #  systems have shadow passwords.
                #
                #  To force the module to use the system password functions,
                #  instead of reading the files, leave the following entries
                #  commented out.
                #
                #  This is required for some systems, like FreeBSD,
                #  and Mac OSX.
                #
                #       passwd = /etc/passwd
                #       shadow = /etc/shadow
                #       group = /etc/group

                #
                #  The location of the "wtmp" file.
                #  This should be moved to it's own module soon.
                #
                #  The only use for 'radlast'.  If you don't use
                #  'radlast', then you can comment out this item.
                #
                radwtmp = ${logdir}/radwtmp
        }

        #  Extensible Authentication Protocol
        #
        #  For all EAP related authentications.
        #  Now in another file, because it is very large.
        #
$INCLUDE ${confdir}/eap.conf

        # Microsoft CHAP authentication
        #
        #  This module supports MS-CHAP and MS-CHAPv2 authentication.
        #  It also enforces the SMB-Account-Ctrl attribute.
        #
        mschap {
                #
                #  As of 0.9, the mschap module does NOT support
                #  reading from /etc/smbpasswd.
                #
                #  If you are using /etc/smbpasswd, see the 'passwd'
                #  module for an example of how to use /etc/smbpasswd

                # authtype value, if present, will be used
                # to overwrite (or add) Auth-Type during
                # authorization. Normally should be MS-CHAP
                authtype = MS-CHAP

                # if use_mppe is not set to no mschap will
                # add MS-CHAP-MPPE-Keys for MS-CHAPv1 and
                # MS-MPPE-Recv-Key/MS-MPPE-Send-Key for MS-CHAPv2
                #
                #use_mppe = no

                # if mppe is enabled require_encryption makes
                # encryption moderate
                #
                #require_encryption = yes

                # require_strong always requires 128 bit key
                # encryption
                #
                #require_strong = yes

                # Windows sends us a username in the form of
                # DOMAIN\user, but sends the challenge response
                # based on only the user portion.  This hack
                # corrects for that incorrect behavior.
                #
                #with_ntdomain_hack = no

                # The module can perform authentication itself, OR
                # use a Windows Domain Controller.  This configuration
                # directive tells the module to call the ntlm_auth
                # program, which will do the authentication, and return
                # the NT-Key.  Note that you MUST have "winbindd" and
                # "nmbd" running on the local machine for ntlm_auth
                # to work.  See the ntlm_auth program documentation
                # for details.
                #
                # Be VERY careful when editing the following line!
                #
                #ntlm_auth = "/path/to/ntlm_auth --request-nt-key
--username=%{Stripped-User-Name:-%{User-Name:-None}}
--challenge=%{mschap:Challenge:-00} --nt-response=%{mschap:NT-Response:-00}"
        }

        # Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
        #
        #  This module definition allows you to use LDAP for
        #  authorization and authentication (Auth-Type := LDAP)
        #
        #  See doc/rlm_ldap for description of configuration options
        #  and sample authorize{} and authenticate{} blocks
        ldap {
                server = "10.1.1.71"
                identity = "cn=admin,o=radius"
                password = pass
                basedn = "o=radius"
                filter = "(uid=%{Stripped-User-Name:-%{User-Name}})"
                base_filter = "(objectclass=radiusprofile)"

                # set this to 'yes' to use TLS encrypted connections
                # to the LDAP database by using the StartTLS extended
                # operation.
                # The StartTLS operation is supposed to be used with normal
                # ldap connections instead of using ldaps (port 689) connections
                start_tls = no

                # tls_cacertfile        = /path/to/cacert.pem
                # tls_cacertdir         = /path/to/ca/dir/
                # tls_certfile          = /path/to/radius.crt
                # tls_keyfile           = /path/to/radius.key
                # tls_randfile          = /path/to/rnd
                # tls_require_cert      = "demand"

                # default_profile = "cn=radprofile,ou=dialup,o=My Org,c=UA"
                # profile_attribute = "radiusProfileDn"
                # access_attr = "dialupAccess"

                # Mapping of RADIUS dictionary attributes to LDAP
                # directory attributes.
                dictionary_mapping = ${raddbdir}/ldap.attrmap

                ldap_connections_number = 5

                #
                # NOTICE: The password_header directive is NOT case insensitive
                #
                # password_header = "{clear}"
                #
                # Set:
                password_attribute = nspmPassword
                #
                # to get the user's password from a Novell eDirectory
                # backend. This will work *only if* freeRADIUS is
                # configured to build with --with-edir option.
                #
                #
                #  The server can usually figure this out on its own, and pull
                #  the correct User-Password or NT-Password from the database.
                #
                #  Note that NT-Passwords MUST be stored as a 32-digit hex
                #  string, and MUST start off with "0x", such as:
                #
                #       0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f
                #
                #  Without the leading "0x", NT-Passwords will not work.
                #  This goes for NT-Passwords stored in SQL, too.
                #
                # password_attribute = userPassword
                #
                # Un-comment the following to disable Novell eDirectory account
                # policy check and intruder detection. This will work *only if*
                # FreeRADIUS is configured to build with --with-edir option.
                #
                edir_account_policy_check=yes
                #
                # groupname_attribute = cn
                # groupmembership_filter =
"(|(&(objectClass=GroupOfNames)(member=%{Ldap-UserDn}))(&(objectClass=GroupOfUniqueNames)(uniquemember=%{Ldap-UserDn})))"
                # groupmembership_attribute = radiusGroupName
                timeout = 4
                timelimit = 3
                net_timeout = 1
                # compare_check_items = yes
                # do_xlat = yes
                # access_attr_used_for_allow = yes
        }

        # passwd module allows to do authorization via any passwd-like
        # file and to extract any attributes from these modules
        #
        # parameters are:
        #   filename - path to filename
        #   format - format for filename record. This parameters
        #            correlates record in the passwd file and RADIUS
        #            attributes.
        #
        #            Field marked as '*' is key field. That is, the parameter
        #            with this name from the request is used to search for
        #            the record from passwd file
        #            Attribute marked as '=' is added to reply_itmes instead
        #            of default configure_itmes
        #            Attribute marked as '~' is added to request_items
        #
        #            Field marked as ',' may contain a comma separated list
        #            of attributes.
        #   authtype - if record found this Auth-Type is used to authenticate
        #            user
        #   hashsize - hashtable size. If 0 or not specified records are not
        #            stored in memory and file is red on every request.
        #   allowmultiplekeys - if few records for every key are allowed
        #   ignorenislike - ignore NIS-related records
        #   delimiter - symbol to use as a field separator in passwd file,
        #            for format ':' symbol is always used. '\0', '\n' are
        #            not allowed
        #

        #  An example configuration for using /etc/smbpasswd.
        #
        #passwd etc_smbpasswd {
        #       filename = /etc/smbpasswd
        #       format =
"*User-Name::LM-Password:NT-Password:SMB-Account-CTRL-TEXT::"
        #       authtype = MS-CHAP
        #       hashsize = 100
        #       ignorenislike = no
        #       allowmultiplekeys = no
        #}

        #  Similar configuration, for the /etc/group file. Adds a Group-Name
        #  attribute for every group that the user is member of.
        #
        #passwd etc_group {
        #       filename = /etc/group
        #       format = "=Group-Name:::*,User-Name"
        #       hashsize = 50
        #       ignorenislike = yes
        #       allowmultiplekeys = yes
        #       delimiter = ":"
        #}

        # Realm module, for proxying.
        #
        #  You can have multiple instances of the realm module to
        #  support multiple realm syntaxs at the same time.  The
        #  search order is defined by the order in the authorize and
        #  preacct sections.
        #
        #  Four config options:
        #       format         -  must be 'prefix' or 'suffix'
        #       delimiter      -  must be a single character
        #       ignore_default -  set to 'yes' or 'no'
        #       ignore_null    -  set to 'yes' or 'no'
        #
        #  ignore_default and ignore_null can be set to 'yes' to prevent
        #  the module from matching against DEFAULT or NULL realms.  This
        #  may be useful if you have have multiple instances of the
        #  realm module.
        #
        #  They both default to 'no'.
        #

        #  'realm/username'
        #
        #  Using this entry, IPASS users have their realm set to "IPASS".
        realm IPASS {
                format = prefix
                delimiter = "/"
                ignore_default = no
                ignore_null = no
        }

        #  'username@realm'
        #
        realm suffix {
                format = suffix
                delimiter = "@"
                ignore_default = no
                ignore_null = no
        }

        #  'username%realm'
        #
        realm realmpercent {
                format = suffix
                delimiter = "%"
                ignore_default = no
                ignore_null = no
        }

        #
        #  'domain\user'
        #
        realm ntdomain {
                format = prefix
                delimiter = "\\"
                ignore_default = no
                ignore_null = no
        }

        #  A simple value checking module
        #
        #  It can be used to check if an attribute value in the request
        #  matches a (possibly multi valued) attribute in the check
        #  items This can be used for example for caller-id
        #  authentication.  For the module to run, both the request
        #  attribute and the check items attribute must exist
        #
        #  i.e.
        #  A user has an ldap entry with 2 radiusCallingStationId
        #  attributes with values "12345678" and "12345679".  If we
        #  enable rlm_checkval, then any request which contains a
        #  Calling-Station-Id with one of those two values will be
        #  accepted.  Requests with other values for
        #  Calling-Station-Id will be rejected.
        #
        #  Regular expressions in the check attribute value are allowed
        #  as long as the operator is '=~'
        #
        checkval {
                # The attribute to look for in the request
                item-name = Calling-Station-Id

                # The attribute to look for in check items. Can be multi valued
                check-name = Calling-Station-Id

                # The data type. Can be
                # string,integer,ipaddr,date,abinary,octets
                data-type = string

                # If set to yes and we dont find the item-name attribute in the
                # request then we send back a reject
                # DEFAULT is no
                #notfound-reject = no
        }

        #  rewrite arbitrary packets.  Useful in accounting and authorization.
        #
        #
        #  The module can also use the Rewrite-Rule attribute. If it
        #  is set and matches the name of the module instance, then
        #  that module instance will be the only one which runs.
        #
        #  Also if new_attribute is set to yes then a new attribute
        #  will be created containing the value replacewith and it
        #  will be added to searchin (packet, reply, proxy, proxy_reply or config).
        # searchfor,ignore_case and max_matches will be ignored in that case.
        #
        # Backreferences are supported: %{0} will contain the string the whole match
        # and %{1} to %{8} will contain the contents of the 1st to the 8th
parentheses
        #
        # If max_matches is greater than one the backreferences will correspond
to the
        # first match

        #
        #attr_rewrite sanecallerid {
        #       attribute = Called-Station-Id
                # may be "packet", "reply", "proxy", "proxy_reply" or "config"
        #       searchin = packet
        #       searchfor = "[+ ]"
        #       replacewith = ""
        #       ignore_case = no
        #       new_attribute = no
        #       max_matches = 10
        #       ## If set to yes then the replace string will be appended to the
original string
        #       append = no
        #}

        # Preprocess the incoming RADIUS request, before handing it off
        # to other modules.
        #
        #  This module processes the 'huntgroups' and 'hints' files.
        #  In addition, it re-writes some weird attributes created
        #  by some NASes, and converts the attributes into a form which
        #  is a little more standard.
        #
        preprocess {
                huntgroups = ${confdir}/huntgroups
                hints = ${confdir}/hints

                # This hack changes Ascend's wierd port numberings
                # to standard 0-??? port numbers so that the "+" works
                # for IP address assignments.
                with_ascend_hack = no
                ascend_channels_per_line = 23

                # Windows NT machines often authenticate themselves as
                # NT_DOMAIN\username
                #
                # If this is set to 'yes', then the NT_DOMAIN portion
                # of the user-name is silently discarded.
                #
                # This configuration entry SHOULD NOT be used.
                # See the "realms" module for a better way to handle
                # NT domains.
                with_ntdomain_hack = no

                # Specialix Jetstream 8500 24 port access server.
                #
                # If the user name is 10 characters or longer, a "/"
                # and the excess characters after the 10th are
                # appended to the user name.
                #
                # If you're not running that NAS, you don't need
                # this hack.
                with_specialix_jetstream_hack = no

                # Cisco (and Quintum in Cisco mode) sends it's VSA attributes
                # with the attribute name *again* in the string, like:
                #
                #   H323-Attribute = "h323-attribute=value".
                #
                # If this configuration item is set to 'yes', then
                # the redundant data in the the attribute text is stripped
                # out.  The result is:
                #
                #  H323-Attribute = "value"
                #
                # If you're not running a Cisco or Quintum NAS, you don't
                # need this hack.
                with_cisco_vsa_hack = no
        }

        # Livingston-style 'users' file
        #
        files {
                usersfile = ${confdir}/users
                acctusersfile = ${confdir}/acct_users
                preproxy_usersfile = ${confdir}/preproxy_users

                #  If you want to use the old Cistron 'users' file
                #  with FreeRADIUS, you should change the next line
                #  to 'compat = cistron'.  You can the copy your 'users'
                #  file from Cistron.
                compat = no
        }

        # Write a detailed log of all accounting records received.
        #
        detail {
                #  Note that we do NOT use NAS-IP-Address here, as
                #  that attribute MAY BE from the originating NAS, and
                #  NOT from the proxy which actually sent us the
                #  request.  The Client-IP-Address attribute is ALWAYS
                #  the address of the client which sent us the
                #  request.
                #
                #  The following line creates a new detail file for
                #  every radius client (by IP address or hostname).
                #  In addition, a new detail file is created every
                #  day, so that the detail file doesn't have to go
                #  through a 'log rotation'
                #
                #  If your detail files are large, you may also want
                #  to add a ':%H' (see doc/variables.txt) to the end
                #  of it, to create a new detail file every hour, e.g.:
                #
                #   ..../detail-%Y%m%d:%H
                #
                #  This will create a new detail file for every hour.
                #
                detailfile = ${radacctdir}/%{Client-IP-Address}/detail-%Y%m%d

                #
                #  The Unix-style permissions on the 'detail' file.
                #
                #  The detail file often contains secret or private
                #  information about users.  So by keeping the file
                #  permissions restrictive, we can prevent unwanted
                #  people from seeing that information.
                detailperm = 0600
        }

        #
        #  Many people want to log authentication requests.
        #  Rather than modifying the server core to print out more
        #  messages, we can use a different instance of the 'detail'
        #  module, to log the authentication requests to a file.
        #
        #  You will also need to un-comment the 'auth_log' line
        #  in the 'authorize' section, below.
        #
        # detail auth_log {
                # detailfile = ${radacctdir}/%{Client-IP-Address}/auth-detail-%Y%m%d

                #
                #  This MUST be 0600, otherwise anyone can read
                #  the users passwords!
                # detailperm = 0600
        # }

        #
        #  This module logs authentication reply packets sent
        #  to a NAS.  Both Access-Accept and Access-Reject packets
        #  are logged.
        #
        #  You will also need to un-comment the 'reply_log' line
        #  in the 'post-auth' section, below.
        #
        # detail reply_log {
                # detailfile =
${radacctdir}/%{Client-IP-Address}/reply-detail-%Y%m%d

                #
                #  This MUST be 0600, otherwise anyone can read
                #  the users passwords!
                # detailperm = 0600
        # }

        #
        #  This module logs packets proxied to a home server.
        #
        #  You will also need to un-comment the 'pre_proxy_log' line
        #  in the 'pre-proxy' section, below.
        #
        # detail pre_proxy_log {
                # detailfile =
${radacctdir}/%{Client-IP-Address}/pre-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d

                #
                #  This MUST be 0600, otherwise anyone can read
                #  the users passwords!
                # detailperm = 0600
        # }

        #
        #  This module logs response packets from a home server.
        #
        #  You will also need to un-comment the 'post_proxy_log' line
        #  in the 'post-proxy' section, below.
        #
        # detail post_proxy_log {
                # detailfile =
${radacctdir}/%{Client-IP-Address}/post-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d

                #
                #  This MUST be 0600, otherwise anyone can read
                #  the users passwords!
                # detailperm = 0600
        # }

        # Create a unique accounting session Id.  Many NASes re-use or
        # repeat values for Acct-Session-Id, causing no end of
        # confusion.
        #
        #  This module will add a (probably) unique session id
        #  to an accounting packet based on the attributes listed
        #  below found in the packet.  See doc/rlm_acct_unique for
        #  more information.
        #
        acct_unique {
                key = "User-Name, Acct-Session-Id, NAS-IP-Address,
Client-IP-Address, NAS-Port"
        }

        #  Include another file that has the SQL-related configuration.
        #  This is another file only because it tends to be big.
        #
        #  The following configuration file is for use with MySQL.
        #
        #  For Postgresql, use:         ${confdir}/postgresql.conf
        #  For MS-SQL, use:             ${confdir}/mssql.conf
        #  For Oracle, use:             ${confdir}/oraclesql.conf
        #
        # $INCLUDE  ${confdir}/sql.conf

        #  For Cisco VoIP specific accounting with Postgresql,
        #  use:         ${confdir}/pgsql-voip.conf
        #
        #  You will also need the sql schema from:
        #        src/billing/cisco_h323_db_schema-postgres.sql
        #  Note: This config can be use AS WELL AS the standard sql
        #  config if you need SQL based Auth

        #  Write a 'utmp' style file, of which users are currently
        #  logged in, and where they've logged in from.
        #
        #  This file is used mainly for Simultaneous-Use checking,
        #  and also 'radwho', to see who's currently logged in.
        #
        radutmp {
                #  Where the file is stored.  It's not a log file,
                #  so it doesn't need rotating.
                #
                filename = ${logdir}/radutmp

                #  The field in the packet to key on for the
                #  'user' name,  If you have other fields which you want
                #  to use to key on to control Simultaneous-Use,
                #  then you can use them here.
                #
                #  Note, however, that the size of the field in the
                #  'utmp' data structure is small, around 32
                #  characters, so that will limit the possible choices
                #  of keys.
                #
                #  You may want instead: %{Stripped-User-Name:-%{User-Name}}
                username = %{User-Name}

                #  Whether or not we want to treat "user" the same
                #  as "USER", or "User".  Some systems have problems
                #  with case sensitivity, so this should be set to
                #  'no' to enable the comparisons of the key attribute
                #  to be case insensitive.
                #
                case_sensitive = yes

                #  Accounting information may be lost, so the user MAY
                #  have logged off of the NAS, but we haven't noticed.
                #  If so, we can verify this information with the NAS,
                #
                #  If we want to believe the 'utmp' file, then this
                #  configuration entry can be set to 'no'.
                #
                check_with_nas = yes

                # Set the file permissions, as the contents of this file
                # are usually private.
                perm = 0600

                callerid = "yes"
        }

        # "Safe" radutmp - does not contain caller ID, so it can be
        # world-readable, and radwho can work for normal users, without
        # exposing any information that isn't already exposed by who(1).
        #
        # This is another 'instance' of the radutmp module, but it is given
        # then name "sradutmp" to identify it later in the "accounting"
        # section.
        radutmp sradutmp {
                filename = ${logdir}/sradutmp
                perm = 0644
                callerid = "no"
        }

        # attr_filter - filters the attributes received in replies from
        # proxied servers, to make sure we send back to our RADIUS client
        # only allowed attributes.
        attr_filter {
                attrsfile = ${confdir}/attrs
        }

        #  counter module:
        #  This module takes an attribute (count-attribute).
        #  It also takes a key, and creates a counter for each unique
        #  key.  The count is incremented when accounting packets are
        #  received by the server.  The value of the increment depends
        #  on the attribute type.
        #  If the attribute is Acct-Session-Time or of an integer type we add the
        #  value of the attribute. If it is anything else we increase the
        #  counter by one.
        #
        #  The 'reset' parameter defines when the counters are all reset to
        #  zero.  It can be hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or never.
        #
        #  hourly: Reset on 00:00 of every hour
        #  daily: Reset on 00:00:00 every day
        #  weekly: Reset on 00:00:00 on sunday
        #  monthly: Reset on 00:00:00 of the first day of each month
        #
        #  It can also be user defined. It should be of the form:
        #  num[hdwm] where:
        #  h: hours, d: days, w: weeks, m: months
        #  If the letter is ommited days will be assumed. In example:
        #  reset = 10h (reset every 10 hours)
        #  reset = 12  (reset every 12 days)
        #
        #
        #  The check-name attribute defines an attribute which will be
        #  registered by the counter module and can be used to set the
        #  maximum allowed value for the counter after which the user
        #  is rejected.
        #  Something like:
        #
        #  DEFAULT Max-Daily-Session := 36000
        #          Fall-Through = 1
        #
        #  You should add the counter module in the instantiate
        #  section so that it registers check-name before the files
        #  module reads the users file.
        #
        #  If check-name is set and the user is to be rejected then we
        #  send back a Reply-Message and we log a Failure-Message in
        #  the radius.log
        #  If the count attribute is Acct-Session-Time then on each login
        #  we send back the remaining online time as a Session-Timeout attribute
        #
        #  The counter-name can also be used instead of using the check-name
        #  like below:
        #
        #  DEFAULT  Daily-Session-Time > 3600, Auth-Type = Reject
        #      Reply-Message = "You've used up more than one hour today"
        #
        #  The allowed-servicetype attribute can be used to only take
        #  into account specific sessions. For example if a user first
        #  logs in through a login menu and then selects ppp there will
        #  be two sessions. One for Login-User and one for Framed-User
        #  service type. We only need to take into account the second one.
        #
        #  The module should be added in the instantiate, authorize and
        #  accounting sections.  Make sure that in the authorize
        #  section it comes after any module which sets the
        #  'check-name' attribute.
        #
        counter daily {
                filename = ${raddbdir}/db.daily
                key = User-Name
                count-attribute = Acct-Session-Time
                reset = daily
                counter-name = Daily-Session-Time
                check-name = Max-Daily-Session
                allowed-servicetype = Framed-User
                cache-size = 5000
        }

        # The "always" module is here for debugging purposes. Each
        # instance simply returns the same result, always, without
        # doing anything.
        always fail {
                rcode = fail
        }
        always reject {
                rcode = reject
        }
        always ok {
                rcode = ok
                simulcount = 0
                mpp = no
        }

        #
        #  The 'expression' module currently has no configuration.
        #
        #  This module is useful only for 'xlat'.  To use it,
        #  put 'exec' into the 'instantiate' section.  You can then
        #  do dynamic translation of attributes like:
        #
        #  Attribute-Name = `%{expr:2 + 3 + %{exec: uid -u}}`
        #
        #  The value of the attribute will be replaced with the output
        #  of the program which is executed.  Due to RADIUS protocol
        #  limitations, any output over 253 bytes will be ignored.
        expr {
        }

        #
        #  The 'digest' module currently has no configuration.
        #
        #  "Digest" authentication against a Cisco SIP server.
        #  See 'doc/rfc/draft-sterman-aaa-sip-00.txt' for details
        #  on performing digest authentication for Cisco SIP servers.
        #
        digest {
        }

        #
        #  Execute external programs
        #
        #  This module is useful only for 'xlat'.  To use it,
        #  put 'exec' into the 'instantiate' section.  You can then
        #  do dynamic translation of attributes like:
        #
        #  Attribute-Name = `%{exec:/path/to/program args}`
        #
        #  The value of the attribute will be replaced with the output
        #  of the program which is executed.  Due to RADIUS protocol
        #  limitations, any output over 253 bytes will be ignored.
        #
        #  The RADIUS attributes from the user request will be placed
        #  into environment variables of the executed program, as
        #  described in 'doc/variables.txt'
        #
        exec {
                wait = yes
                input_pairs = request
        }

        #
        #  This is a more general example of the execute module.
        #
        #  This one is called "echo".
        #
        #  Attribute-Name = `%{echo:/path/to/program args}`
        #
        #  If you wish to execute an external program in more than
        #  one section (e.g. 'authorize', 'pre_proxy', etc), then it
        #  is probably best to define a different instance of the
        #  'exec' module for every section.
        #
        exec echo {
                #
                #  Wait for the program to finish.
                #
                #  If we do NOT wait, then the program is "fire and
                #  forget", and any output attributes from it are ignored.
                #
                #  If we are looking for the program to output
                #  attributes, and want to add those attributes to the
                #  request, then we MUST wait for the program to
                #  finish, and therefore set 'wait=yes'
                #
                # allowed values: {no, yes}
                wait = yes

                #
                #  The name of the program to execute, and it's
                #  arguments.  Dynamic translation is done on this
                #  field, so things like the following example will
                #  work.
                #
                program = "/bin/echo %{User-Name}"

                #
                #  The attributes which are placed into the
                #  environment variables for the program.
                #
                #  Allowed values are:
                #
                #       request         attributes from the request
                #       config          attributes from the configuration items list
                #       reply           attributes from the reply
                #       proxy-request   attributes from the proxy request
                #       proxy-reply     attributes from the proxy reply
                #
                #  Note that some attributes may not exist at some
                #  stages.  e.g. There may be no proxy-reply
                #  attributes if this module is used in the
                #  'authorize' section.
                #
                input_pairs = request

                #
                #  Where to place the output attributes (if any) from
                #  the executed program.  The values allowed, and the
                #  restrictions as to availability, are the same as
                #  for the input_pairs.
                #
                output_pairs = reply

                #
                #  When to execute the program.  If the packet
                #  type does NOT match what's listed here, then
                #  the module does NOT execute the program.
                #
                #  For a list of allowed packet types, see
                #  the 'dictionary' file, and look for VALUEs
                #  of the Packet-Type attribute.
                #
                #  By default, the module executes on ANY packet.
                #  Un-comment out the following line to tell the
                #  module to execute only if an Access-Accept is
                #  being sent to the NAS.
                #
                #packet_type = Access-Accept
        }

        #  Do server side ip pool management. Should be added in post-auth and
        #  accounting sections.
        #
        #  The module also requires the existance of the Pool-Name
        #  attribute. That way the administrator can add the Pool-Name
        #  attribute in the user profiles and use different pools
        #  for different users. The Pool-Name attribute is a *check* item not
        #  a reply item.
        #
        # Example:
        # radiusd.conf: ippool students { [...] }
        # users file  : DEFAULT Group == students, Pool-Name := "students"
        #
        # ********* IF YOU CHANGE THE RANGE PARAMETERS YOU MUST *********
        # ********* THEN ERASE THE DB FILES                     *********
        #
        ippool main_pool {

                #  range-start,range-stop: The start and end ip
                #  addresses for the ip pool
                range-start = 192.168.1.1
                range-stop = 192.168.3.254

                #  netmask: The network mask used for the ip's
                netmask = 255.255.255.0

                #  cache-size: The gdbm cache size for the db
                #  files. Should be equal to the number of ip's
                #  available in the ip pool
                cache-size = 800

                # session-db: The main db file used to allocate ip's to clients
                session-db = ${raddbdir}/db.ippool

                # ip-index: Helper db index file used in multilink
                ip-index = ${raddbdir}/db.ipindex

                # override: Will this ippool override a Framed-IP-Address
already set
                override = no

                # maximum-timeout: If not zero specifies the maximum time in
seconds an
                # entry may be active. Default: 0
                maximum-timeout = 0
        }

        # ANSI X9.9 token support.  Not included by default.
        # $INCLUDE  ${confdir}/x99.conf

}

# Instantiation
#
#  This section orders the loading of the modules.  Modules
#  listed here will get loaded BEFORE the later sections like
#  authorize, authenticate, etc. get examined.
#
#  This section is not strictly needed.  When a section like
#  authorize refers to a module, it's automatically loaded and
#  initialized.  However, some modules may not be listed in any
#  of the following sections, so they can be listed here.
#
#  Also, listing modules here ensures that you have control over
#  the order in which they are initalized.  If one module needs
#  something defined by another module, you can list them in order
#  here, and ensure that the configuration will be OK.
#
instantiate {
        #
        #  Allows the execution of external scripts.
        #  The entire command line (and output) must fit into 253 bytes.
        #
        #  e.g. Framed-Pool = `%{exec:/bin/echo foo}`
        exec

        #
        #  The expression module doesn't do authorization,
        #  authentication, or accounting.  It only does dynamic
        #  translation, of the form:
        #
        #       Session-Timeout = `%{expr:2 + 3}`
        #
        #  So the module needs to be instantiated, but CANNOT be
        #  listed in any other section.  See 'doc/rlm_expr' for
        #  more information.
        #
        expr

        #
        # We add the counter module here so that it registers
        # the check-name attribute before any module which sets
        # it
#       daily
}

#  Authorization. First preprocess (hints and huntgroups files),
#  then realms, and finally look in the "users" file.
#
#  The order of the realm modules will determine the order that
#  we try to find a matching realm.
#
#  Make *sure* that 'preprocess' comes before any realm if you
#  need to setup hints for the remote radius server
authorize {
        #
        #  The preprocess module takes care of sanitizing some bizarre
        #  attributes in the request, and turning them into attributes
        #  which are more standard.
        #
        #  It takes care of processing the 'raddb/hints' and the
        #  'raddb/huntgroups' files.
        #
        #  It also adds the %{Client-IP-Address} attribute to the request.
        preprocess

        #
        #  If you want to have a log of authentication requests,
        #  un-comment the following line, and the 'detail auth_log'
        #  section, above.
#       auth_log

#       attr_filter

        #
        #  The chap module will set 'Auth-Type := CHAP' if we are
        #  handling a CHAP request and Auth-Type has not already been set
        chap

        #
        #  If the users are logging in with an MS-CHAP-Challenge
        #  attribute for authentication, the mschap module will find
        #  the MS-CHAP-Challenge attribute, and add 'Auth-Type := MS-CHAP'
        #  to the request, which will cause the server to then use
        #  the mschap module for authentication.
        mschap

        #
        #  If you have a Cisco SIP server authenticating against
        #  FreeRADIUS, uncomment the following line, and the 'digest'
        #  line in the 'authenticate' section.
#       digest

        #
        #  Look for IPASS style 'realm/', and if not found, look for
        #  '@realm', and decide whether or not to proxy, based on
        #  that.
#       IPASS

        #
        #  If you are using multiple kinds of realms, you probably
        #  want to set "ignore_null = yes" for all of them.
        #  Otherwise, when the first style of realm doesn't match,
        #  the other styles won't be checked.
        #
        suffix
#       ntdomain

        #
        #  This module takes care of EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, and EAP-LEAP
        #  authentication.
        #
        #  It also sets the EAP-Type attribute in the request
        #  attribute list to the EAP type from the packet.
        eap

        #
        #  Read the 'users' file
        files

        #
        #  Look in an SQL database.  The schema of the database
        #  is meant to mirror the "users" file.
        #
        #  See "Authorization Queries" in sql.conf
#       sql

        #
        #  If you are using /etc/smbpasswd, and are also doing
        #  mschap authentication, the un-comment this line, and
        #  configure the 'etc_smbpasswd' module, above.
#       etc_smbpasswd

        #
        #  The ldap module will set Auth-Type to LDAP if it has not
        #  already been set
        ldap

        #
        #  Enforce daily limits on time spent logged in.
#       daily

        #
        # Use the checkval module
#       checkval
}

#  Authentication.
#
#
#  This section lists which modules are available for authentication.
#  Note that it does NOT mean 'try each module in order'.  It means
#  that a module from the 'authorize' section adds a configuration
#  attribute 'Auth-Type := FOO'.  That authentication type is then
#  used to pick the apropriate module from the list below.
#

#  In general, you SHOULD NOT set the Auth-Type attribute.  The server
#  will figure it out on its own, and will do the right thing.  The
#  most common side effect of erroneously setting the Auth-Type
#  attribute is that one authentication method will work, but the
#  others will not.
#
#  The common reasons to set the Auth-Type attribute by hand
#  is to either forcibly reject the user, or forcibly accept him.
#
authenticate {
        #
        #  PAP authentication, when a back-end database listed
        #  in the 'authorize' section supplies a password.  The
        #  password can be clear-text, or encrypted.
        Auth-Type PAP {
                pap
        }

        #
        #  Most people want CHAP authentication
        #  A back-end database listed in the 'authorize' section
        #  MUST supply a CLEAR TEXT password.  Encrypted passwords
        #  won't work.
        Auth-Type CHAP {
                chap
        }

        #
        #  MSCHAP authentication.
        Auth-Type MS-CHAP {
                mschap
        }

        #
        #  If you have a Cisco SIP server authenticating against
        #  FreeRADIUS, uncomment the following line, and the 'digest'
        #  line in the 'authorize' section.
#       digest

        #
        #  Pluggable Authentication Modules.
#       pam

        #
        #  See 'man getpwent' for information on how the 'unix'
        #  module checks the users password.  Note that packets
        #  containing CHAP-Password attributes CANNOT be authenticated
        #  against /etc/passwd!  See the FAQ for details.
        #
        unix

        # Uncomment it if you want to use ldap for authentication
        #
        # Note that this means "check plain-text password against
        # the ldap database", which means that EAP won't work,
        # as it does not supply a plain-text password.
#       Auth-Type LDAP {
#               ldap
#       }

        #
        #  Allow EAP authentication.
        eap
}

#
#  Pre-accounting.  Decide which accounting type to use.
#
preacct {
        preprocess

        #
        #  Ensure that we have a semi-unique identifier for every
        #  request, and many NAS boxes are broken.
        acct_unique

        #
        #  Look for IPASS-style 'realm/', and if not found, look for
        #  '@realm', and decide whether or not to proxy, based on
        #  that.
        #
        #  Accounting requests are generally proxied to the same
        #  home server as authentication requests.
#       IPASS
        suffix
#       ntdomain

        #
        #  Read the 'acct_users' file
        files
}

#
#  Accounting.  Log the accounting data.
#
accounting {
        #
        #  Create a 'detail'ed log of the packets.
        #  Note that accounting requests which are proxied
        #  are also logged in the detail file.
        detail
#       daily

        #  Update the wtmp file
        #
        #  If you don't use "radlast", you can delete this line.
        unix

        #
        #  For Simultaneous-Use tracking.
        #
        #  Due to packet losses in the network, the data here
        #  may be incorrect.  There is little we can do about it.
        radutmp
#       sradutmp

        #  Return an address to the IP Pool when we see a stop record.
#       main_pool

        #
        #  Log traffic to an SQL database.
        #
        #  See "Accounting queries" in sql.conf
#       sql

        #  Cisco VoIP specific bulk accounting
#       pgsql-voip

}

#  Session database, used for checking Simultaneous-Use. Either the radutmp
#  or rlm_sql module can handle this.
#  The rlm_sql module is *much* faster
session {
        radutmp

        #
        #  See "Simultaneous Use Checking Querie" in sql.conf
#       sql
}

#  Post-Authentication
#  Once we KNOW that the user has been authenticated, there are
#  additional steps we can take.
post-auth {
        #  Get an address from the IP Pool.
#       main_pool

        #
        #  If you want to have a log of authentication replies,
        #  un-comment the following line, and the 'detail reply_log'
        #  section, above.
#       reply_log

        #
        #  After authenticating the user, do another SQL qeury.
        #
        #  See "Authentication Logging Queries" in sql.conf
#       sql

        #
        #  Un-comment the following if you have set
        #  'edir_account_policy_check = yes' in the ldap module sub-section of
        #  the 'modules' section.
        #
        ldap
        #
        #  Access-Reject packets are sent through the REJECT sub-section of the
        #  post-auth section.
        #  Uncomment the following and set the module name to the ldap instance
        #  name if you have set 'edir_account_policy_check = yes' in the ldap
        #  module sub-section of the 'modules' section.
        #
        Post-Auth-Type REJECT {
                ldap
        }

}

#
#  When the server decides to proxy a request to a home server,
#  the proxied request is first passed through the pre-proxy
#  stage.  This stage can re-write the request, or decide to
#  cancel the proxy.
#
#  Only a few modules currently have this method.
#
pre-proxy {
#       attr_rewrite

        #  Uncomment the following line if you want to change attributes
        #  as defined in the preproxy_users file.
#       files

        #  If you want to have a log of packets proxied to a home
        #  server, un-comment the following line, and the
        #  'detail pre_proxy_log' section, above.
#       pre_proxy_log
}

#
#  When the server receives a reply to a request it proxied
#  to a home server, the request may be massaged here, in the
#  post-proxy stage.
#
post-proxy {

        #  If you want to have a log of replies from a home server,
        #  un-comment the following line, and the 'detail post_proxy_log'
        #  section, above.
#       post_proxy_log

#       attr_rewrite

        #  Uncomment the following line if you want to filter replies from
        #  remote proxies based on the rules defined in the 'attrs' file.

#       attr_filter

        #
        #  If you are proxying LEAP, you MUST configure the EAP
        #  module, and you MUST list it here, in the post-proxy
        #  stage.
        #
        #  You MUST also use the 'nostrip' option in the 'realm'
        #  configuration.  Otherwise, the User-Name attribute
        #  in the proxied request will not match the user name
        #  hidden inside of the EAP packet, and the end server will
        #  reject the EAP request.
        #
        eap
}
-----END RADIUSD.CONF-----

Here is the debug info captured when radiusd is started and the radtest command
is executed:
radius# radtest admin pass localhost 10 testing123

-----BEGIN RADIUSD DEBUG-----
radius# /usr/local/sbin/radiusd -X
Starting - reading configuration files ...
reread_config:  reading radiusd.conf
Config:   including file: /usr/local/etc/raddb/clients.conf
Config:   including file: /usr/local/etc/raddb/eap.conf
 main: prefix = "/usr/local"
 main: localstatedir = "/var"
 main: logdir = "/var/log"
 main: libdir = "/usr/local/lib"
 main: radacctdir = "/var/log/radacct"
 main: hostname_lookups = no
 main: max_request_time = 30
 main: cleanup_delay = 5
 main: max_requests = 1024
 main: delete_blocked_requests = 0
 main: port = 0
 main: allow_core_dumps = no
 main: log_stripped_names = no
 main: log_file = "/var/log/radius.log"
 main: log_auth = no
 main: log_auth_badpass = no
 main: log_auth_goodpass = no
 main: pidfile = "/var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid"
 main: user = "(null)"
 main: group = "(null)"
 main: usercollide = no
 main: lower_user = "no"
 main: lower_pass = "no"
 main: nospace_user = "no"
 main: nospace_pass = "no"
 main: checkrad = "/usr/local/sbin/checkrad"
 main: proxy_requests = yes
 security: max_attributes = 200
 security: reject_delay = 1
 security: status_server = no
 main: debug_level = 0
read_config_files:  reading dictionary
read_config_files:  reading naslist
read_config_files:  reading clients
read_config_files:  reading realms
radiusd:  entering modules setup
Module: Library search path is /usr/local/lib
Module: Loaded exec
 exec: wait = yes
 exec: program = "(null)"
 exec: input_pairs = "request"
 exec: output_pairs = "(null)"
 exec: packet_type = "(null)"
rlm_exec: Wait=yes but no output defined. Did you mean output=none?
Module: Instantiated exec (exec)
Module: Loaded expr
Module: Instantiated expr (expr)
Module: Loaded PAP
 pap: encryption_scheme = "crypt"
Module: Instantiated pap (pap)
Module: Loaded CHAP
Module: Instantiated chap (chap)
Module: Loaded MS-CHAP
 mschap: use_mppe = yes
 mschap: require_encryption = no
 mschap: require_strong = no
 mschap: with_ntdomain_hack = no
 mschap: passwd = "(null)"
 mschap: authtype = "MS-CHAP"
 mschap: ntlm_auth = "(null)"
Module: Instantiated mschap (mschap)
Module: Loaded System
 unix: cache = no
 unix: passwd = "(null)"
 unix: shadow = "(null)"
 unix: group = "(null)"
 unix: radwtmp = "/var/log/radwtmp"
 unix: usegroup = no
 unix: cache_reload = 600
Module: Instantiated unix (unix)
Module: Loaded eap
 eap: default_eap_type = "md5"
 eap: timer_expire = 60
 eap: ignore_unknown_eap_types = no
 eap: cisco_accounting_username_bug = no
rlm_eap: Loaded and initialized type md5
rlm_eap: Loaded and initialized type leap
 gtc: challenge = "Password: "
 gtc: auth_type = "PAP"
rlm_eap: Loaded and initialized type gtc
 mschapv2: with_ntdomain_hack = no
rlm_eap: Loaded and initialized type mschapv2
Module: Instantiated eap (eap)
Module: Loaded preprocess
 preprocess: huntgroups = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/huntgroups"
 preprocess: hints = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/hints"
 preprocess: with_ascend_hack = no
 preprocess: ascend_channels_per_line = 23
 preprocess: with_ntdomain_hack = no
 preprocess: with_specialix_jetstream_hack = no
 preprocess: with_cisco_vsa_hack = no
Module: Instantiated preprocess (preprocess)
Module: Loaded realm
 realm: format = "suffix"
 realm: delimiter = "@"
 realm: ignore_default = no
 realm: ignore_null = no
Module: Instantiated realm (suffix)
Module: Loaded files
 files: usersfile = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/users"
 files: acctusersfile = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/acct_users"
 files: preproxy_usersfile = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/preproxy_users"
 files: compat = "no"
Module: Instantiated files (files)
Module: Loaded LDAP
 ldap: server = "10.1.1.71"
 ldap: port = 389
 ldap: net_timeout = 1
 ldap: timeout = 4
 ldap: timelimit = 3
 ldap: identity = "cn=admin,o=radius"
 ldap: tls_mode = no
 ldap: start_tls = no
 ldap: tls_cacertfile = "(null)"
 ldap: tls_cacertdir = "(null)"
 ldap: tls_certfile = "(null)"
 ldap: tls_keyfile = "(null)"
 ldap: tls_randfile = "(null)"
 ldap: tls_require_cert = "allow"
 ldap: password = "pass"
 ldap: basedn = "o=radius"
 ldap: filter = "(uid=%{Stripped-User-Name:-%{User-Name}})"
 ldap: base_filter = "(objectclass=radiusprofile)"
 ldap: default_profile = "(null)"
 ldap: profile_attribute = "(null)"
 ldap: password_header = "(null)"
 ldap: password_attribute = "nspmPassword"
 ldap: access_attr = "(null)"
 ldap: groupname_attribute = "cn"
 ldap: groupmembership_filter =
"(|(&(objectClass=GroupOfNames)(member=%{Ldap-UserDn}))(&(objectClass=GroupOfUniqueNames)(uniquemember=%{Ldap-UserDn})))"
 ldap: groupmembership_attribute = "(null)"
 ldap: dictionary_mapping = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/ldap.attrmap"
 ldap: ldap_debug = 0
 ldap: ldap_connections_number = 5
 ldap: compare_check_items = no
 ldap: access_attr_used_for_allow = yes
 ldap: do_xlat = yes
 ldap: edir_account_policy_check = yes
rlm_ldap: Registering ldap_groupcmp for Ldap-Group
rlm_ldap: Registering ldap_xlat with xlat_name ldap
rlm_ldap: reading ldap<->radius mappings from file /usr/local/etc/raddb/ldap.attrmap
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusCheckItem mapped to RADIUS $GENERIC$
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusReplyItem mapped to RADIUS $GENERIC$
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusAuthType mapped to RADIUS Auth-Type
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusSimultaneousUse mapped to RADIUS Simultaneous-Use
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusCalledStationId mapped to RADIUS Called-Station-Id
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusCallingStationId mapped to RADIUS Calling-Station-Id
rlm_ldap: LDAP lmPassword mapped to RADIUS LM-Password
rlm_ldap: LDAP ntPassword mapped to RADIUS NT-Password
rlm_ldap: LDAP acctFlags mapped to RADIUS SMB-Account-CTRL-TEXT
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusExpiration mapped to RADIUS Expiration
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusServiceType mapped to RADIUS Service-Type
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedProtocol mapped to RADIUS Framed-Protocol
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedIPAddress mapped to RADIUS Framed-IP-Address
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedIPNetmask mapped to RADIUS Framed-IP-Netmask
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedRoute mapped to RADIUS Framed-Route
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedRouting mapped to RADIUS Framed-Routing
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFilterId mapped to RADIUS Filter-Id
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedMTU mapped to RADIUS Framed-MTU
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedCompression mapped to RADIUS Framed-Compression
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginIPHost mapped to RADIUS Login-IP-Host
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginService mapped to RADIUS Login-Service
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginTCPPort mapped to RADIUS Login-TCP-Port
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusCallbackNumber mapped to RADIUS Callback-Number
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusCallbackId mapped to RADIUS Callback-Id
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedIPXNetwork mapped to RADIUS Framed-IPX-Network
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusClass mapped to RADIUS Class
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusSessionTimeout mapped to RADIUS Session-Timeout
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusIdleTimeout mapped to RADIUS Idle-Timeout
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusTerminationAction mapped to RADIUS Termination-Action
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginLATService mapped to RADIUS Login-LAT-Service
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginLATNode mapped to RADIUS Login-LAT-Node
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginLATGroup mapped to RADIUS Login-LAT-Group
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedAppleTalkLink mapped to RADIUS Framed-AppleTalk-Link
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedAppleTalkNetwork mapped to RADIUS
Framed-AppleTalk-Network
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusFramedAppleTalkZone mapped to RADIUS Framed-AppleTalk-Zone
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusPortLimit mapped to RADIUS Port-Limit
rlm_ldap: LDAP radiusLoginLATPort mapped to RADIUS Login-LAT-Port
conns: 0x8085400
Module: Instantiated ldap (ldap)
Module: Loaded Acct-Unique-Session-Id
 acct_unique: key = "User-Name, Acct-Session-Id, NAS-IP-Address,
Client-IP-Address, NAS-Port"
Module: Instantiated acct_unique (acct_unique)
Module: Loaded detail
 detail: detailfile = "/var/log/radacct/%{Client-IP-Address}/detail-%Y%m%d"
 detail: detailperm = 384
 detail: dirperm = 493
 detail: locking = no
Module: Instantiated detail (detail)
Module: Loaded radutmp
 radutmp: filename = "/var/log/radutmp"
 radutmp: username = "%{User-Name}"
 radutmp: case_sensitive = yes
 radutmp: check_with_nas = yes
 radutmp: perm = 384
 radutmp: callerid = yes
Module: Instantiated radutmp (radutmp)
Listening on authentication *:1812
Listening on accounting *:1813
Listening on proxy *:1814
Ready to process requests.
rad_recv: Access-Request packet from host 127.0.0.1:2302, id=75, length=57
        User-Name = "admin"
        User-Password = "pass"
        NAS-IP-Address = 255.255.255.255
        NAS-Port = 10
  Processing the authorize section of radiusd.conf
modcall: entering group authorize for request 0
  modcall[authorize]: module "preprocess" returns ok for request 0
  modcall[authorize]: module "chap" returns noop for request 0
  modcall[authorize]: module "mschap" returns noop for request 0
    rlm_realm: No '@' in User-Name = "admin", looking up realm NULL
    rlm_realm: No such realm "NULL"
  modcall[authorize]: module "suffix" returns noop for request 0
  rlm_eap: No EAP-Message, not doing EAP
  modcall[authorize]: module "eap" returns noop for request 0
    users: Matched entry DEFAULT at line 152
  modcall[authorize]: module "files" returns ok for request 0
rlm_ldap: - authorize
rlm_ldap: performing user authorization for admin
radius_xlat:  '(uid=admin)'
radius_xlat:  'o=radius'
rlm_ldap: ldap_get_conn: Checking Id: 0
rlm_ldap: ldap_get_conn: Got Id: 0
rlm_ldap: attempting LDAP reconnection
rlm_ldap: (re)connect to 10.1.1.71:389, authentication 0
rlm_ldap: bind as cn=admin,o=radius/pass to 10.1.1.71:389
rlm_ldap: waiting for bind result ...
rlm_ldap: Bind was successful
rlm_ldap: performing search in o=radius, with filter (uid=admin)
rlm_ldap: Error reading Universal Password.Return Code = 80
rlm_ldap: looking for check items in directory...
rlm_ldap: looking for reply items in directory...
rlm_ldap: user admin authorized to use remote access
rlm_ldap: ldap_release_conn: Release Id: 0
  modcall[authorize]: module "ldap" returns ok for request 0
modcall: group authorize returns ok for request 0
  rad_check_password:  Found Auth-Type System
auth: type "System"
  Processing the authenticate section of radiusd.conf
modcall: entering group authenticate for request 0
  modcall[authenticate]: module "unix" returns notfound for request 0
modcall: group authenticate returns notfound for request 0
auth: Failed to validate the user.
  Processing the post-auth section of radiusd.conf
modcall: entering group Post-Auth-Type for request 0
  modcall[post-auth]: module "ldap" returns noop for request 0
modcall: group Post-Auth-Type returns noop for request 0
Delaying request 0 for 1 seconds
Finished request 0
Going to the next request
--- Walking the entire request list ---
Waking up in 1 seconds...
--- Walking the entire request list ---
Waking up in 1 seconds...
--- Walking the entire request list ---
Sending Access-Reject of id 75 to 127.0.0.1:2302
Waking up in 4 seconds...
--- Walking the entire request list ---
Cleaning up request 0 ID 75 with timestamp 42d39d5d
Nothing to do.  Sleeping until we see a request.
-----END RADIUSD DEBUG-----

The line that I find disturbing is the "error reading Universal Password" line.
 I assume that I must edit my config in some way so that FreeRADIUS is not
attempting to read a Universal Password, or somehow tells NLDAP not to send a
Universal Password.

And finally, the text from radius.log when radiusd is started without debug mode:

-----BEGIN RADIUS.LOG-----
Fri Jul  8 09:11:39 2005 : Info: rlm_exec: Wait=yes but no output defined. Did
you mean output=none?
Fri Jul  8 09:11:39 2005 : Info: Ready to process requests.
-----END RADIUS.LOG-----

Thanks in advance.

Josh

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