- Freeradius-Users - lists.freeradius.org

Experience with Django-Freeradius
by Olivier 25 Apr '19

25 Apr '19

Hello, I've just discovered Django-Freeradius project. Its Github ([2]) warns its a Work-in-Progress. Have someone tried it ? Thoughts ? Best regards [1] https://django-freeradius.readthedocs.io/en/latest/general/goals.html [2] https://github.com/openwisp/django-freeradius

1 0

Restricting users to their own devices
by Sudheer S 25 Apr '19

25 Apr '19

Hello, I am using Freeraidius and I want to restrict users to their own devices. I have inserted the Mac addresses of the users in radcheck table with the attribute Calling-Station-Id. Here's an example: SELECT * FROM radcheck; id | username | attribute | op | value -------+------------+--------------------+----+-------------- 23175 | testuser01 | Cleartext-Password | := | password 23177 | testuser01 | Calling-Station-Id | := | aabbccddeefa 23178 | testuser01 | Calling-Station-Id | := | aabbccddeeff In this case, the user testuser01 has two devices. aabbccddeefa and aabbccddeeff are their respective mac addresses. In the authorize section, I have this snippet: if (Calling-Station-Id != "%{sql: SELECT value FROM radcheck WHERE username='%{User-Name}' AND value='%{Calling-Station-Id}'}") { reject update reply { Reply-Message = "Unauthorized device" } } This setup works. I was wondering whether this is an acceptable way to restrict users to their own devices. Initially, I assumed Freeradius would restrict the users based on Calling-Station-Id in radcheck table. But when I tested, my assumption was wrong. Therefore, I put up the unlang. Please advise on best practices to handle such requirements. - Sudheer S

5 7

startup of radiusd failed if one redundant ldap is missing
by Jürgen Northe 25 Apr '19

25 Apr '19

Hello I tried both statements redundant and redundant-load-balance for the two ldap servers in raddb.conf and everything works as expected if both are available at startup of the radiusd. If ldap1 or ldap2 is missing, the server will not startup. I have read the ldap module documentation but it seems not to be the place to configure this nor the redundat/load-balance statement does help here. I'm very grateful for any help setting that up. FreeRADIUS Version 3.0.13 Copyright (C) 1999-2017 The FreeRADIUS server project and contributors There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE You may redistribute copies of FreeRADIUS under the terms of the GNU General Public License For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYRIGHT Starting - reading configuration files ... including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary.dhcp including dictionary file /usr/share/freeradius/dictionary.vqp including dictionary file /etc/raddb/dictionary including configuration file /etc/raddb/radiusd.conf including configuration file /etc/raddb/proxy.conf including configuration file /etc/raddb/clients.conf including files in directory /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/ including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/cache_eap including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/chap including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/date including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail.log including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/dhcp including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/digest including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/dynamic_clients including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/eap including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/echo including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/exec including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/expiration including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/expr including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/files including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/linelog including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/logintime including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/mschap including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/pap including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/passwd including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/preprocess including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/radutmp including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/realm including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/replicate including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/soh including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/sradutmp including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/unix including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/unpack including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/utf8 including configuration file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redundant_ldap including files in directory /etc/raddb/policy.d/ including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/accounting including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/control including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/cui including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/debug including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/dhcp including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/eap including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/filter including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/operator-name including configuration file /etc/raddb/policy.d/canonicalization including files in directory /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/ including configuration file /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default including configuration file /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel main { security { user = "radiusd" group = "radiusd" allow_core_dumps = no } name = "radiusd" prefix = "/usr" localstatedir = "/var" logdir = "/var/log/radius" run_dir = "/var/run/radiusd" } main { name = "radiusd" prefix = "/usr" localstatedir = "/var" sbindir = "/usr/sbin" logdir = "/var/log/radius" run_dir = "/var/run/radiusd" libdir = "/usr/lib64/freeradius" radacctdir = "/var/log/radius/radacct" hostname_lookups = no max_request_time = 30 cleanup_delay = 5 max_requests = 16384 pidfile = "/var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid" checkrad = "/usr/sbin/checkrad" debug_level = 0 proxy_requests = yes log { stripped_names = no auth = yes auth_badpass = yes auth_goodpass = yes colourise = yes msg_denied = "You are already logged in - access denied" } resources { } security { max_attributes = 200 reject_delay = 1.000000 status_server = yes } } radiusd: #### Loading Realms and Home Servers #### proxy server { retry_delay = 5 retry_count = 3 default_fallback = no dead_time = 120 wake_all_if_all_dead = no } home_server localhost { ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 port = 1812 type = "auth" secret = <<< secret >>> response_window = 20.000000 response_timeouts = 1 max_outstanding = 65536 zombie_period = 40 status_check = "status-server" ping_interval = 30 check_interval = 30 check_timeout = 4 num_answers_to_alive = 3 revive_interval = 120 limit { max_connections = 16 max_requests = 0 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 0 } coa { irt = 2 mrt = 16 mrc = 5 mrd = 30 } } home_server_pool my_auth_failover { type = fail-over home_server = localhost } realm example.com { auth_pool = my_auth_failover } realm LOCAL { } radiusd: #### Loading Clients #### client localhost { ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.1/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.1 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1BB1-1" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.2/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.2 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1BB2-2" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.3/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.3 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "KFW0SN-3" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.100/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.100 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1CEPH-100" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.102/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.102 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1VM-102" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.4/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.4 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1R1-4" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.5/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.5 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1R2-5" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.6/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.6 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1R3-6" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.7/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.7 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1AP1-7" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.251/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.251 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1F1-90" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.252/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.252 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1F2-91" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.253/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.253 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1F3-92" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.96/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.96 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1F6-96" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.97/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.97 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1F7-97" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.82/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.82 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG2AP1-82" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.81/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.81 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1AP1-81" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.80/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.80 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG0AP1-80" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.42/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.42 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "VW1AP1-42" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.40/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.40 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "VW0AP1-40" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.41/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.41 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "VW0AP2-41" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.30/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.30 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0AP1-30" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.31/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.31 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0AP2-31" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.34/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.34 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0AP4-34" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.10/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.10 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MB0AP1-10" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.20/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.20 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "PF0AP1-20" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.54/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.54 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH1AP1-54" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.50/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.50 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH0AP1-50" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.51/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.51 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH0AP2-51" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.52/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.52 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH0AP3-52" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.53/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.53 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH0AP4-53" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.70/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.70 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "KFH0AP1-70" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.60/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.60 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "LB0AP1-60" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.61/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.61 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "LB0AP1-61" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.33/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.33 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "xxxxx-33" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.35/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.35 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0PK-35" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.36/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.36 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0QS-36" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.37/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.37 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0ES-37" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.38/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.38 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0ES-38" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.45/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.45 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "VW0EJ-45" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.46/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.46 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "VW0OJ-46" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.56/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.56 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH0ES-56" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.55/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.55 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "FH1HJ-55" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.83/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.83 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG0AJ-83" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.84/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.84 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1KI-84" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.85/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.85 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG0KD-85" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.86/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.86 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG0KD-86" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.87/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.87 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1KI-87" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.88/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.88 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1KI-88" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.89/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.89 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "SG1KI-89" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.95/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.95 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "MH0PK-95" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.193/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.193 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "3C3870-193" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.195/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.195 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "3C4500-195" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.196/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.196 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "4500G48-196" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.198/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.198 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "DGS3200-198" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.10.101/32 { ipaddr = 10.0.10.101 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> shortname = "NOTFALL-101" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } Debugger not attached # Creating Auth-Type = mschap # Creating Auth-Type = digest # Creating Auth-Type = eap # Creating Auth-Type = PAP # Creating Auth-Type = CHAP # Creating Auth-Type = MS-CHAP radiusd: #### Instantiating modules #### modules { # Loaded module rlm_always # Loading module "reject" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always reject { rcode = "reject" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "fail" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always fail { rcode = "fail" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "ok" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always ok { rcode = "ok" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "handled" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always handled { rcode = "handled" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "invalid" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always invalid { rcode = "invalid" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "userlock" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always userlock { rcode = "userlock" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "notfound" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always notfound { rcode = "notfound" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "noop" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always noop { rcode = "noop" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loading module "updated" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always always updated { rcode = "updated" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } # Loaded module rlm_attr_filter # Loading module "attr_filter.post-proxy" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.post-proxy { filename = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/post-proxy" key = "%{Realm}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.pre-proxy" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.pre-proxy { filename = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/pre-proxy" key = "%{Realm}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.access_reject" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.access_reject { filename = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/access_reject" key = "%{User-Name}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.access_challenge" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.access_challenge { filename = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/access_challenge" key = "%{User-Name}" relaxed = no } # Loading module "attr_filter.accounting_response" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter attr_filter attr_filter.accounting_response { filename = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/accounting_response" key = "%{User-Name}" relaxed = no } # Loaded module rlm_cache # Loading module "cache_eap" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/cache_eap cache cache_eap { driver = "rlm_cache_rbtree" key = "%{%{control:State}:-%{%{reply:State}:-%{State}}}" ttl = 15 max_entries = 0 epoch = 0 add_stats = no } # Loaded module rlm_chap # Loading module "chap" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/chap # Loaded module rlm_date # Loading module "date" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/date date { format = "%b %e %Y %H:%M:%S %Z" } # Loaded module rlm_detail # Loading module "detail" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail detail { filename = "/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "auth_log" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail.log detail auth_log { filename = "/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/auth-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "reply_log" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail.log detail reply_log { filename = "/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/reply-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "pre_proxy_log" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail.log detail pre_proxy_log { filename = "/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/pre-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loading module "post_proxy_log" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail.log detail post_proxy_log { filename = "/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/post-proxy-detail-%Y%m%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } # Loaded module rlm_dhcp # Loading module "dhcp" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/dhcp # Loaded module rlm_digest # Loading module "digest" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/digest # Loaded module rlm_dynamic_clients # Loading module "dynamic_clients" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/dynamic_clients # Loaded module rlm_eap # Loading module "eap" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/eap eap { default_eap_type = "md5" timer_expire = 60 ignore_unknown_eap_types = no cisco_accounting_username_bug = no max_sessions = 16384 } # Loaded module rlm_exec # Loading module "echo" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/echo exec echo { wait = yes program = "/bin/echo %{User-Name}" input_pairs = "request" output_pairs = "reply" shell_escape = yes } # Loading module "exec" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/exec exec { wait = no input_pairs = "request" shell_escape = yes timeout = 10 } # Loaded module rlm_expiration # Loading module "expiration" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/expiration # Loaded module rlm_expr # Loading module "expr" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/expr expr { safe_characters = "@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789.-_: /äéöüàâæçèéêëîïôœùûüaÿÄÉÖÜßÀÂÆÇÈÉÊËÎÏÔŒÙÛÜŸ" } # Loaded module rlm_files # Loading module "files" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/files files { filename = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/authorize" acctusersfile = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/accounting" preproxy_usersfile = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/pre-proxy" } # Loaded module rlm_linelog # Loading module "linelog" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/linelog linelog { filename = "/var/log/radius/linelog" escape_filenames = no syslog_severity = "info" permissions = 384 format = "This is a log message for %{User-Name}" reference = "messages.%{%{reply:Packet-Type}:-default}" } # Loading module "log_accounting" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/linelog linelog log_accounting { filename = "/var/log/radius/linelog-accounting" escape_filenames = no syslog_severity = "info" permissions = 384 format = "" reference = "Accounting-Request.%{%{Acct-Status-Type}:-unknown}" } # Loaded module rlm_logintime # Loading module "logintime" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/logintime logintime { minimum_timeout = 60 } # Loaded module rlm_mschap # Loading module "mschap" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/mschap mschap { use_mppe = yes require_encryption = no require_strong = no with_ntdomain_hack = yes passchange { } allow_retry = yes winbind_retry_with_normalised_username = no } # Loading module "ntlm_auth" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth exec ntlm_auth { wait = yes program = "/path/to/ntlm_auth --request-nt-key --domain=MYDOMAIN --username=%{mschap:User-Name} --password=%{User-Password}" shell_escape = yes } # Loaded module rlm_pap # Loading module "pap" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/pap pap { normalise = yes } # Loaded module rlm_passwd # Loading module "etc_passwd" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/passwd passwd etc_passwd { filename = "/etc/passwd" format = "*User-Name:Crypt-Password:" delimiter = ":" ignore_nislike = no ignore_empty = yes allow_multiple_keys = no hash_size = 100 } # Loaded module rlm_preprocess # Loading module "preprocess" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/preprocess preprocess { huntgroups = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/preprocess/huntgroups" hints = "/etc/raddb/mods-config/preprocess/hints" with_ascend_hack = no ascend_channels_per_line = 23 with_ntdomain_hack = no with_specialix_jetstream_hack = no with_cisco_vsa_hack = no with_alvarion_vsa_hack = no } # Loaded module rlm_radutmp # Loading module "radutmp" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/radutmp radutmp { filename = "/var/log/radius/radutmp" username = "%{User-Name}" case_sensitive = yes check_with_nas = yes permissions = 384 caller_id = yes } # Loaded module rlm_realm # Loading module "IPASS" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/realm realm IPASS { format = "prefix" delimiter = "/" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "suffix" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/realm realm suffix { format = "suffix" delimiter = "@" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "realmpercent" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/realm realm realmpercent { format = "suffix" delimiter = "%" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loading module "ntdomain" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/realm realm ntdomain { format = "prefix" delimiter = "\\" ignore_default = no ignore_null = no } # Loaded module rlm_replicate # Loading module "replicate" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/replicate # Loaded module rlm_soh # Loading module "soh" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/soh soh { dhcp = yes } # Loading module "sradutmp" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/sradutmp radutmp sradutmp { filename = "/var/log/radius/sradutmp" username = "%{User-Name}" case_sensitive = yes check_with_nas = yes permissions = 420 caller_id = no } # Loaded module rlm_unix # Loading module "unix" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/unix unix { radwtmp = "/var/log/radius/radwtmp" } Creating attribute Unix-Group # Loaded module rlm_unpack # Loading module "unpack" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/unpack # Loaded module rlm_utf8 # Loading module "utf8" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/utf8 # Loaded module rlm_ldap # Loading module "ldap1" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redundant_ldap ldap ldap1 { server = "radldap1-215" identity = "cn=Manager,dc=junghans-microtec,dc=de" password = <<< secret >>> sasl { } user { scope = "sub" access_positive = yes sasl { } } group { filter = "(objectClass=organizationalRole)" scope = "sub" name_attribute = "cn" membership_attribute = "memberOf" membership_filter = "(|(member=%{control:Ldap-UserDn})(cn=%{%{Stripped-User-Name}:-%{User-Name}}))" cacheable_name = no cacheable_dn = no } client { filter = "(objectClass=radiusClient)" scope = "sub" base_dn = "dc=junghans-microtec,dc=de" } profile { attribute = "radiusProfileDN" } options { ldap_debug = 40 chase_referrals = yes rebind = yes net_timeout = 10 res_timeout = 10 srv_timelimit = 3 idle = 60 probes = 3 interval = 3 } tls { ca_file = "/etc/raddb/certs/radldapCA.crt" certificate_file = "/etc/raddb/certs/radldap1-215.crt" private_key_file = "/etc/raddb/certs/radldap1-215.key" random_file = "/dev/urandom" start_tls = yes require_cert = "never" } } Creating attribute ldap1-LDAP-Group # Loading module "ldap2" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redundant_ldap ldap ldap2 { server = "radldap2-216" identity = "cn=Manager,dc=junghans-microtec,dc=de" password = <<< secret >>> sasl { } user { scope = "sub" access_positive = yes sasl { } } group { filter = "(objectClass=organizationalRole)" scope = "sub" name_attribute = "cn" membership_attribute = "memberOf" membership_filter = "(|(member=%{control:Ldap-UserDn})(cn=%{%{Stripped-User-Name}:-%{User-Name}}))" cacheable_name = no cacheable_dn = no } client { filter = "(objectClass=radiusClient)" scope = "sub" base_dn = "dc=junghans-microtec,dc=de" } profile { attribute = "radiusProfileDN" } options { ldap_debug = 40 chase_referrals = yes rebind = yes net_timeout = 1 res_timeout = 10 srv_timelimit = 3 idle = 60 probes = 3 interval = 3 } tls { ca_file = "/etc/raddb/certs/radldapCA.crt" certificate_file = "/etc/raddb/certs/radldap2-216.crt" private_key_file = "/etc/raddb/certs/radldap2-216.key" random_file = "/dev/urandom" start_tls = yes require_cert = "never" } } Creating attribute ldap2-LDAP-Group instantiate { # Instantiating module "ldap1" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redundant_ldap rlm_ldap: libldap vendor: OpenLDAP, version: 20444 accounting { reference = "%{tolower:type.%{Acct-Status-Type}}" } post-auth { reference = "." } rlm_ldap (ldap1): Initialising connection pool pool { start = 5 min = 3 max = 32 spare = 10 uses = 0 lifetime = 0 cleanup_interval = 30 idle_timeout = 60 retry_delay = 30 spread = no } rlm_ldap (ldap1): Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 32 pending slots used rlm_ldap (ldap1): Connecting to ldap://radldap1-215:389 TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception begins. tlsmc_convert: INFO: cannot open the NSS DB, expecting PEM configuration is present. tlsmc_intercept_initialization: INFO: successfully intercepted TLS initialization. Continuing with OpenSSL only. TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception ends. rlm_ldap (ldap1): Waiting for bind result... rlm_ldap (ldap1): Bind successful rlm_ldap (ldap1): Opening additional connection (1), 1 of 31 pending slots used rlm_ldap (ldap1): Connecting to ldap://radldap1-215:389 TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception begins. tlsmc_convert: INFO: cannot open the NSS DB, expecting PEM configuration is present. tlsmc_intercept_initialization: INFO: successfully intercepted TLS initialization. Continuing with OpenSSL only. TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception ends. rlm_ldap (ldap1): Waiting for bind result... rlm_ldap (ldap1): Bind successful rlm_ldap (ldap1): Opening additional connection (2), 1 of 30 pending slots used rlm_ldap (ldap1): Connecting to ldap://radldap1-215:389 TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception begins. tlsmc_convert: INFO: cannot open the NSS DB, expecting PEM configuration is present. tlsmc_intercept_initialization: INFO: successfully intercepted TLS initialization. Continuing with OpenSSL only. TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception ends. rlm_ldap (ldap1): Waiting for bind result... rlm_ldap (ldap1): Bind successful rlm_ldap (ldap1): Opening additional connection (3), 1 of 29 pending slots used rlm_ldap (ldap1): Connecting to ldap://radldap1-215:389 TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception begins. tlsmc_convert: INFO: cannot open the NSS DB, expecting PEM configuration is present. tlsmc_intercept_initialization: INFO: successfully intercepted TLS initialization. Continuing with OpenSSL only. TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception ends. rlm_ldap (ldap1): Waiting for bind result... rlm_ldap (ldap1): Bind successful rlm_ldap (ldap1): Opening additional connection (4), 1 of 28 pending slots used rlm_ldap (ldap1): Connecting to ldap://radldap1-215:389 TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception begins. tlsmc_convert: INFO: cannot open the NSS DB, expecting PEM configuration is present. tlsmc_intercept_initialization: INFO: successfully intercepted TLS initialization. Continuing with OpenSSL only. TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception ends. rlm_ldap (ldap1): Waiting for bind result... rlm_ldap (ldap1): Bind successful # Instantiating module "ldap2" from file /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redundant_ldap accounting { reference = "%{tolower:type.%{Acct-Status-Type}}" } post-auth { reference = "." } rlm_ldap (ldap2): Initialising connection pool pool { start = 5 min = 3 max = 32 spare = 10 uses = 0 lifetime = 0 cleanup_interval = 30 idle_timeout = 60 retry_delay = 30 spread = no } rlm_ldap (ldap2): Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 32 pending slots used rlm_ldap (ldap2): Connecting to ldap://radldap2-216:389 TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception begins. tlsmc_convert: INFO: cannot open the NSS DB, expecting PEM configuration is present. tlsmc_intercept_initialization: INFO: successfully intercepted TLS initialization. Continuing with OpenSSL only. TLSMC: MozNSS compatibility interception ends. rlm_ldap (ldap2): Could not start TLS: Can't contact LDAP server rlm_ldap (ldap2): Opening connection failed (0) rlm_ldap (ldap2): Removing connection pool /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redundant_ldap[597]: Instantiation failed for module "ldap2"

2 1

Re: Dynamic VLAN assignment
by fsdfsf fsdfdsf 24 Apr '19

24 Apr '19

Hey all, Just bumping this to see if anyone can give a hand. Thanks On Mon, Apr 22, 2019, 8:50 AM> wrote: > Hello, > > I'm running CentOS 7 version 3.0.13-9 of Freeradius which is my networks > router with 2 users (resident, and guest). I have a wireless access point > where WPA2-enterprise security is set up as a NAS. On my router (RADIUS > server), I have a VLAN interface setup with a IP address within the subnet > where I want specific users to have a dynamically assigned IP address. I > also have DHCPD setup listening on the VLAN interface with the pool of IPs > that will be dynamically assigned to those users. > > I currently have the users configuration file setup like so: > > guest Cleartext-Password := "password" > Service-Type = Framed-User, > Tunnel-Type = "VLAN", > Tunnel-Medium-Type = "802", > Tunnel-Private-Group-ID = "192" > > The Tunnel-Private-Group-ID value being the VLAN ID I configured on the > RADIUS / router. > > In the mods-enabled/eap configuration I've also enabled the > "use_tunneled_reply = yes" option. > > My expectation or rather my desired outcome is to have any clients that > login using the guest account to have a dynamically assigned IP address > from the DHCPD instance that's listening on the VLAN interface, however the > outcome is that they're being assigned IPs from the VLAN's parent > interface. I'm sort of a noob with radius and apologize if I've misplaced > something. Does anyone have any ideas on why I may be getting this outcome? > > Thanks > >

2 1

Adding "Force10-avpair" to dictionary
by Ian Pilcher 24 Apr '19

24 Apr '19

I am trying to configure FreeRADIUS to add the "Force10-avpair" VSA to some replies. The VSA is (mostly) documented here: https://www.dell.com/support/manuals/us/en/04/force10-s4048-on/s4048-on-9.1… Am I correct that the dictionary should look something like this: VENDOR Force10 6027 BEGIN-VENDOR Force10 ATTRIBUTE Force10-AVPair 1 string END-VENDOR Force10 (I'm having to guess at the OID of the attribute, as Dell/Force 10 don't seem to have every documented it anywhere.) Would this just go into /etc/raddb/dictionary? Thanks! -- ======================================================================== Ian Pilcher arequipeno(a)gmail.com -------- "I grew up before Mark Zuckerberg invented friendship" -------- ========================================================================

2 2

Freeradius not receiving packets
by liran kessel 24 Apr '19

24 Apr '19

I have disabled iptables: [3:26 PM, 4/18/2019] Abed Abd Elhai: iptables --list Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination And also the firewalld service firewalld status Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status firewalld.service ● firewalld.service Loaded: masked (/dev/null; bad) Active: inactive (dead) I don’t have access to the vcenter, is there anything that I can check within the server? When the server receives a accounting message I see it in tcpdump and also in radsniff but not in the radiusd -X terminal. However when I run a test with radtest or radwho I do see the message in the radiusd terminal. BR Liran can you show the networking that you have done for making the vm network reachable to outside network ? On Thu, Apr 18, 2019 at 5:23 PM Matthew Newton <mcn at freeradius.org <http://lists.freeradius.org/mailman/listinfo/freeradius-users>> wrote: > On Thu, 2019-04-18 at 14:47 +0300, liran kessel wrote: > > I am thinking it might be something to do with the fact that this is > > a VM and maybe packets aren’t forwarded from the Kernel to the socket > > that the Freeradius has opened. > > VMs work in the same way as "real" machines. > > > However I wanted to ask if radsniff listens like tcpdump or to the > > actual socket? > > Like tcpdump > > > If it is listening to the socket than I guess I have a problem in the > > server configuration rather than the Kernel. > > iptables? > > -- > Matthew > > > - > List info/subscribe/unsubscribe? See

2 3

How to stop writing Info events to log file ?
by Arnaud LAURIOU 24 Apr '19

24 Apr '19

Hi, Is there a way to stop writing 'Info:' events to the log file and to keep Warning, Auth and Error events ? Something like a severity log level to adjust ? We have a lot of non relevant logs added by rlm_ldap and eap modules. Example with a wrong user password : Wed Apr 24 11:54:01 2019 : Info: (31) eap_peap: This means you need to read the PREVIOUS messages in the debug output Wed Apr 24 11:54:01 2019 : Info: (31) eap_peap: to find out the reason why the user was rejected Wed Apr 24 11:54:01 2019 : Info: (31) eap_peap: Look for "reject" or "fail". Those earlier messages will tell you Wed Apr 24 11:54:01 2019 : Info: (31) eap_peap: what went wrong, and how to fix the problem We use freeradius 3.0.16. Regards, Arnaud Lauriou

2 1

RE: redis_ippool module doesnot process lease_time in ack
by Chinnapaiyan, Nagamani 24 Apr '19

24 Apr '19

Supposing you mean to update in DHCP-Request section, I added the line in request section., update control { &Pool-Name := "VSAT" &Pool-Action := Update } Now I see below error in request section, Discover: (0) redis_ippool - Allocating lease from pool "VSAT", to "00:a0:bc:00:00:03", expires in 120s (0) redis_ippool - &reply:DHCP-Your-IP-Address := 75.104.40.111 (0) redis_ippool - &reply:DHCP-IP-Address-Lease-Time := 120 Request: (1) redis_ippool - Updating 75.104.40.111 in pool "VSAT", device "00:a0:bc:00:00:03", expires in 3600s (1) redis_ippool - ERROR: Requested IP address "75.104.40.111" is not a member of the specified pool Debug output: # /usr/local/sbin/radiusd -X Info : FreeRADIUS Version 4.0.0 Info : Copyright 1999-2018 The FreeRADIUS server project and contributors Info : There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A Info : PARTICULAR PURPOSE Info : You may redistribute copies of FreeRADIUS under the terms of the Info : GNU General Public License Info : For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYRIGHT Info : Starting - reading configuration files ... Debug : Including dictionary file "/usr/local/share/freeradius/dictionary" Debug : Including dictionary file "/usr/local/etc/raddb/dictionary" Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/radiusd.conf Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/clients.conf Debug : Including files in directory "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/" Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/always Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/attr_filter Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/cache_eap Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/chap Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/client Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/detail.log Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/digest Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/dhcpv4 Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/echo Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/escape Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/exec Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/expiration Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/expr Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/files Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/linelog Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/logintime Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/mschap Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/ntlm_auth Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/pap Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/passwd Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/radius Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/radutmp Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/sradutmp Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/stats Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/unix Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/unpack Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/utf8 Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redis_ippool Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-enabled/redis Debug : Including files in directory "/usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/" Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/abfab-tr Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/accounting Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/canonicalization Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/control Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/cui Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/debug Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/dhcp Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/eap Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/operator-name Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/time Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/vendor Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/policy.d/filter Debug : Including files in directory "/usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/" Debug : including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/dhcp Debug : Loading dictionary proto_dhcpv4 Info : Loaded module "proto_dhcpv4" Debug : Parsing security rules to bootstrap UID / GID / chroot / etc. Debug : main { Debug : security { Debug : allow_core_dumps = no Debug : allow_vulnerable_openssl = "no" Debug : } Debug : name = radiusd Debug : name = "radiusd" Debug : prefix = "/usr/local" Debug : local_state_dir = "/usr/local/var" Debug : run_dir = "/usr/local/var/run/radiusd" Debug : } Debug : Parsing main configuration. Debug : main { Debug : server dhcp { Debug : namespace = "dhcpv4" Debug : listen { Debug : type = DHCP-Discover Info : Loaded module "proto_dhcpv4_base" Debug : type = DHCP-Request Debug : type = DHCP-Inform Debug : type = DHCP-Release Debug : type = DHCP-Decline Debug : transport = udp Debug : Loading dictionary proto_dhcpv4_udp Info : Loaded module "proto_dhcpv4_udp" Debug : udp { Debug : ipaddr = 10.43.16.207 Debug : src_ipaddr = 10.43.16.207 Debug : port = 67 Debug : broadcast = no Debug : networks { Debug : } Debug : max_packet_size = 4096 Debug : max_attributes = 0 Debug : } Debug : limit { Debug : idle_timeout = 30.000000 Debug : nak_lifetime = 30.000000 Debug : max_connections = 1024 Debug : max_clients = 256 Debug : max_pending_packets = 256 Debug : priority { Debug : DHCP-Discover = normal Debug : DHCP-Request = normal Debug : DHCP-Decline = normal Debug : DHCP-Release = normal Debug : DHCP-Inform = normal Debug : DHCP-Lease-Query = low Debug : DHCP-Bulk-Lease-Query = low Debug : } Debug : } Debug : } Debug : } Debug : security { Debug : } Debug : sbin_dir = "/usr/local/sbin" Debug : logdir = "/usr/local/var/log/radius" Debug : libdir = "/usr/local/lib" Debug : radacctdir = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radacct" Debug : reverse_lookups = no Debug : reverse_lookups = no Debug : hostname_lookups = yes Debug : hostname_lookups = yes Debug : max_request_time = 30 Debug : max_request_time = 30 Debug : pidfile = "/usr/local/var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid" Debug : debug_level = 0 Debug : log { Debug : colourise = yes Debug : } Debug : resources { Debug : } Debug : thread pool { Debug : num_networks = 1 Debug : num_networks = 1 Debug : num_workers = 4 Debug : num_workers = 4 Debug : } Debug : } Switching to configured log settings radiusd: #### Loading Clients #### client localhost { ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> proto = "*" limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client localhost_ipv6 { ipv6addr = ::1 require_message_authenticator = no secret = <<< secret >>> limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } client 10.0.0.0 { ipaddr = 10.0.0.0/8 require_message_authenticator = no limit { max_connections = 16 lifetime = 0 idle_timeout = 30 } } Debugger not attached #### Bootstrapping listeners #### #### Bootstrapping modules #### modules { Loaded module "rlm_always" always reject { rcode = "reject" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always fail { rcode = "fail" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always ok { rcode = "ok" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always handled { rcode = "handled" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always invalid { rcode = "invalid" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always userlock { rcode = "userlock" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always notfound { rcode = "notfound" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always noop { rcode = "noop" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } always updated { rcode = "updated" simulcount = 0 mpp = no } Loading dictionary rlm_attr_filter Loaded module "rlm_attr_filter" attr_filter attr_filter.pre-proxy { filename = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/pre-proxy" relaxed = no } attr_filter attr_filter.post-proxy { filename = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/post-proxy" relaxed = no } attr_filter attr_filter.access_reject { filename = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/access_reject" relaxed = no } attr_filter attr_filter.access_challenge { filename = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/access_challenge" relaxed = no } attr_filter attr_filter.accounting_response { filename = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/accounting_response" relaxed = no } Loading dictionary rlm_cache Loaded module "rlm_cache" cache cache_eap { driver = "rlm_cache_rbtree" ttl = 15 max_entries = 0 epoch = 0 add_stats = no } Loading dictionary rlm_chap Loaded module "rlm_chap" Loaded module "rlm_client" Loading dictionary rlm_detail Loaded module "rlm_detail" detail { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/detail-%Y-%m-%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } detail auth_log { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/auth-detail-%Y-%m-%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } detail reply_log { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/reply-detail-%Y-%m-%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } detail pre_proxy_log { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/pre-proxy-detail-%Y-%m-%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } detail post_proxy_log { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radacct/%{%{Packet-Src-IP-Address}:-%{Packet-Src-IPv6-Address}}/post-proxy-detail-%Y-%m-%d" header = "%t" permissions = 384 locking = no escape_filenames = no log_packet_header = no } Loading dictionary rlm_digest Loaded module "rlm_digest" Loaded module "rlm_dhcpv4" Loaded module "rlm_exec" exec echo { wait = yes program = "/bin/echo %{User-Name}" input_pairs = "request" output_pairs = "reply" shell_escape = yes } Loaded module "rlm_escape" escape { safe_characters = "@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789.-_: /äéöüàâæçèéêëîïôœùûüaÿÄÉÖÜßÀÂÆÇÈÉÊËÎÏÔŒÙÛÜŸ" } exec { wait = no input_pairs = "request" shell_escape = yes timeout = 10 } Loading dictionary rlm_expiration Loaded module "rlm_expiration" Loaded module "rlm_expr" Loading dictionary rlm_files Loaded module "rlm_files" files { filename = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/authorize" acctusersfile = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/accounting" preproxy_usersfile = "/usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/pre-proxy" } Loaded module "rlm_linelog" linelog { destination = "file" delimiter = " " file { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/linelog" permissions = 384 escape_filenames = no } syslog { severity = "info" } unix { } tcp { port = 514 timeout = 2.000000 } udp { port = 514 timeout = 2.000000 } } linelog log_accounting { destination = "file" delimiter = " " file { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/linelog-accounting" permissions = 384 escape_filenames = no } syslog { severity = "info" } unix { } tcp { timeout = 1000.000000 } udp { timeout = 1000.000000 } } Loading dictionary rlm_logintime Loaded module "rlm_logintime" logintime { minimum_timeout = 60 } Loaded module "rlm_mschap" mschap { use_mppe = yes require_encryption = no require_strong = no with_ntdomain_hack = yes passchange { } allow_retry = yes } exec ntlm_auth { wait = yes program = "/path/to/ntlm_auth --request-nt-key --domain=MYDOMAIN --username=%{mschap:User-Name} --password=%{User-Password}" shell_escape = yes } Loading dictionary rlm_pap Loaded module "rlm_pap" pap { normalise = yes } Loading dictionary rlm_passwd Loaded module "rlm_passwd" passwd etc_passwd { filename = "/etc/passwd" format = "*User-Name:Crypt-Password:" delimiter = ":" ignore_nislike = no ignore_empty = yes allow_multiple_keys = no hash_size = 100 } Loading dictionary rlm_radius Loaded module "rlm_radius" radius { transport = udp Loading dictionary rlm_radius_udp Loaded module "rlm_radius_udp" udp { ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 port = 1812 secret = "testing123" max_packet_size = 4096 } type = Access-Request type = Accounting-Request status_checks { type = Status-Server } max_connections = 32 max_attributes = 255 connection { connect_timeout = 5.000000 reconnect_delay = 5.000000 idle_timeout = 5.000000 zombie_period = 10.000000 } Access-Request { initial_retransmission_time = 2 maximum_retransmission_time = 16 maximum_retransmission_count = 2 maximum_retransmission_duration = 30 } Accounting-Request { initial_retransmission_time = 2 maximum_retransmission_time = 16 maximum_retransmission_count = 5 maximum_retransmission_duration = 30 } Status-Server { initial_retransmission_time = 2 maximum_retransmission_time = 16 maximum_retransmission_count = 5 maximum_retransmission_duration = 30 } } Loading dictionary rlm_radutmp Loaded module "rlm_radutmp" radutmp { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radutmp" username = "%{User-Name}" case_sensitive = yes check_with_nas = yes permissions = 384 caller_id = yes } radutmp sradutmp { filename = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/sradutmp" username = "%{User-Name}" case_sensitive = yes check_with_nas = yes permissions = 420 caller_id = no } Loading dictionary rlm_stats Loaded module "rlm_stats" stats { } Loading dictionary rlm_unix Loaded module "rlm_unix" unix { radwtmp = "/usr/local/var/log/radius/radwtmp" } Creating attribute Unix-Group Loading dictionary rlm_unpack Loaded module "rlm_unpack" Loaded module "rlm_utf8" libfreeradius-redis: libhiredis version: 0.12.1 Loading dictionary rlm_redis_ippool Loaded module "rlm_redis_ippool" redis_ippool { copy_on_update = yes redis { server = "devstack08-db-eval1-0001-001.oovb0g.0001.usw2.cache.amazonaws.com" port = 6379 database = 0 max_nodes = 20 max_alt = 3 max_redirects = 2 } } libfreeradius-redis: libhiredis version: 0.12.1 Loaded module "rlm_redis" redis { server = "devstack08-db-eval1-0001-001.oovb0g.0001.usw2.cache.amazonaws.com" port = 6379 database = 0 max_nodes = 20 max_alt = 3 max_redirects = 2 } instantiate { } } # modules #### Instantiating listeners #### Compiling policies in server dhcp { ... } compiling - recv DHCP-Discover {...} compiling - recv DHCP-Request {...} compiling - recv DHCP-Decline {...} compiling - recv DHCP-Inform {...} compiling - recv DHCP-Release {...} compiling - recv DHCP-Lease-Query {...} #### Instantiating modules #### Instantiating module "attr_filter.access_challenge" Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/access_challenge Instantiating module "attr_filter.access_reject" Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/access_reject Instantiating module "attr_filter.accounting_response" Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/accounting_response Instantiating module "attr_filter.post-proxy" Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/post-proxy Instantiating module "attr_filter.pre-proxy" Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/attr_filter/pre-proxy Instantiating module "auth_log" rlm_detail (auth_log) - 'User-Password' suppressed, will not appear in detail output Instantiating module "cache_eap" Loaded module "rlm_cache_rbtree" Instantiating module "detail" Instantiating module "etc_passwd" Instantiating module "expiration" Instantiating module "fail" Instantiating module "files" Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/authorize Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/accounting Reading file /usr/local/etc/raddb/mods-config/files/pre-proxy Instantiating module "handled" Instantiating module "invalid" Instantiating module "linelog" Instantiating module "log_accounting" Instantiating module "logintime" Instantiating module "mschap" mschap: using internal authentication Instantiating module "noop" Instantiating module "notfound" Instantiating module "ok" Instantiating module "post_proxy_log" Instantiating module "pre_proxy_log" Instantiating module "radius" Instantiating module "redis" rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Initialising connection pool pool { start = 4 min = 4 max = 4 max_pending = 0 spare = 1 uses = 0 lifetime = 86400 cleanup_interval = 300 idle_timeout = 600 connect_timeout = 3.000000 held_trigger_min = 0.000000 held_trigger_max = 0.500000 retry_delay = 30 spread = no } rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Ignoring "spare = 1", forcing to "spare = 0" rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 4 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Opening additional connection (1), 1 of 3 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Opening additional connection (2), 1 of 2 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Opening additional connection (3), 1 of 1 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Reserved connection (3) rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Released connection (3) rlm_redis (redis): Cluster map consists of 1 key ranges rlm_redis (redis): 0 - keys 0-16383 rlm_redis (redis): master: 10.43.17.86:6379 rlm_redis (redis): slave0: 10.43.16.148:6379 rlm_redis (redis): slave1: 10.43.16.109:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [2] - Initialising connection pool pool { start = 4 min = 4 max = 4 max_pending = 0 spare = 1 uses = 0 lifetime = 86400 cleanup_interval = 300 idle_timeout = 600 connect_timeout = 3.000000 held_trigger_min = 0.000000 held_trigger_max = 0.500000 retry_delay = 30 spread = no } rlm_redis (redis) [2] - Ignoring "spare = 1", forcing to "spare = 0" rlm_redis (redis) [2] - Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 4 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [2]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.148:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [2] - Opening additional connection (1), 1 of 3 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [2]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.148:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [2] - Opening additional connection (2), 1 of 2 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [2]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.148:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [2] - Opening additional connection (3), 1 of 1 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [2]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.148:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [3] - Initialising connection pool pool { start = 4 min = 4 max = 4 max_pending = 0 spare = 1 uses = 0 lifetime = 86400 cleanup_interval = 300 idle_timeout = 600 connect_timeout = 3.000000 held_trigger_min = 0.000000 held_trigger_max = 0.500000 retry_delay = 30 spread = no } rlm_redis (redis) [3] - Ignoring "spare = 1", forcing to "spare = 0" rlm_redis (redis) [3] - Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 4 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [3]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.109:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [3] - Opening additional connection (1), 1 of 3 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [3]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.109:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [3] - Opening additional connection (2), 1 of 2 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [3]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.109:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [3] - Opening additional connection (3), 1 of 1 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [3]: Connecting node to 10.43.16.109:6379 Instantiating module "redis_ippool" rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Initialising connection pool pool { start = 0 min = 4 max = 4 max_pending = 0 spare = 1 uses = 0 lifetime = 0 cleanup_interval = 30 idle_timeout = 60 connect_timeout = 3.000000 held_trigger_min = 0.000000 held_trigger_max = 0.500000 retry_delay = 30 spread = no } rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Ignoring "spare = 1", forcing to "spare = 0" rlm_redis (redis) [1] - 0 of 0 connections in use. You may need to increase "spare" rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Opening additional connection (0), 1 of 4 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Reserved connection (0) rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Released connection (0) rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Need 3 more connections to reach min connections (4) rlm_redis (redis) [1] - Opening additional connection (1), 1 of 3 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 Instantiating module "reject" Instantiating module "reply_log" Instantiating module "stats" Instantiating module "updated" Instantiating module "userlock" [1] radius - Connection initialising [1] radius - Connection initialised Scheduler created in single-threaded mode #### Opening listener interfaces #### Listening on dhcpv4 address proto_dhcpv4_udp server 10.43.16.207 port 67 bound to virtual server dhcp Waking up in 4.9 seconds. radius - Connection open - proto udp local 0.0.0.0 port 54317 remote 127.0.0.1 port 1812 radius - Allocated Status-Server ID 0 for status checks on connection proto udp local 0.0.0.0 port 54317 remote 127.0.0.1 port 1812 radius - Setting idle timeout to +5.000000 for connection proto udp local 0.0.0.0 port 54317 remote 127.0.0.1 port 1812 [1] radius - Connection established Waking up in 4.9 seconds. Waking up in 4.9 seconds. radius - Idle timeout for connection proto udp local 0.0.0.0 port 54317 remote 127.0.0.1 port 1812 [1] radius - Closing connection (25) radius - Connection closed - proto udp local 0.0.0.0 port 54317 remote 127.0.0.1 port 1812 Ready to process requests proto_dhcpv4_udp - Received DHCP-Discover XID 00000000 length 310 proto_dhcpv4_udp server 10.43.16.207 port 67 Network received packet size 310 Resetting worker 30 cleanup timer to +0s (0) running request (0) Received DHCP-Discover XID 00000000 from 10.43.18.94:67 to 10.43.16.207:67 via eth0 (0) &DHCP-Opcode = Client-Message (0) &DHCP-Hardware-Type = Ethernet (0) &DHCP-Hardware-Address-Length = 6 (0) &DHCP-Hop-Count = 1 (0) &DHCP-Transaction-Id = 0 (0) &DHCP-Number-of-Seconds = 0 (0) &DHCP-Flags = 0 (0) &DHCP-Client-IP-Address = 10.43.18.94 (0) &DHCP-Your-IP-Address = 0.0.0.0 (0) &DHCP-Server-IP-Address = 0.0.0.0 (0) &DHCP-Gateway-IP-Address = 10.43.18.94 (0) &DHCP-Client-Hardware-Address = 00:a0:bc:00:00:03 (0) &DHCP-Message-Type = DHCP-Discover (0) &DHCP-DHCP-Server-Identifier = 10.43.18.92 (0) &DHCP-Client-Identifier = 0x0100a1bc000001 (0) &DHCP-Subscriber-Id = "00a0bc000001@ut3>ut3.viasat.com" (0) &DHCP-Relay-Remote-Id = 0x00a0bc000001 (0) &DHCP-Relay-Circuit-Id = 0x000000222066 (0) Running 'recv DHCP-Discover' from file /usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/dhcp (0) recv DHCP-Discover { (0) update reply { (0) DHCP-Message-Type = DHCP-Offer (0) } # update reply (noop) (0) update reply { (0) &DHCP-Subnet-Mask = 255.255.255.0 (0) &DHCP-Router-Address = 192.0.2.1 (0) &DHCP-DHCP-Server-Identifier = 192.0.2.1 (0) } # update reply (noop) (0) update control { (0) &Pool-Name := "VSAT" (0) } # update control (noop) (0) redis_ippool - Allocating lease from pool "VSAT", to "00:a0:bc:00:00:03", expires in 120s (0) redis_ippool - Reserved connection (1) (0) redis_ippool - [1] >>> Sending command(s) to 10.43.17.86:6379 (0) redis_ippool - [1] <<< Returned: success (0) redis_ippool - Released connection (1) (0) redis_ippool - Need 2 more connections to reach min connections (4) (0) redis_ippool - Opening additional connection (2), 1 of 2 pending slots used rlm_redis (redis) [1]: Connecting node to 10.43.17.86:6379 (0) redis_ippool - &reply:DHCP-Your-IP-Address := 75.104.40.111 (0) redis_ippool - &reply:DHCP-IP-Address-Lease-Time := 120 (0) redis_ippool - IP address lease allocated (0) redis_ippool (updated) (0) ok (ok) (0) } # recv DHCP-Discover (updated) (0) Sent DHCP-Offer XID 00000000 from 10.43.16.207:67 to 10.43.18.94:67 via eth0 (0) &DHCP-Message-Type = DHCP-Offer (0) &DHCP-Subnet-Mask = 255.255.255.0 (0) &DHCP-Router-Address = 192.0.2.1 (0) &DHCP-DHCP-Server-Identifier = 192.0.2.1 (0) &DHCP-IP-Address-Lease-Time := 120 (0) done request (0) finished request. Ready to process requests Reply will be unicast to CIADDR from original packet. proto_dhcpv4_udp - cleaning up ID 1 Ready to process requests proto_dhcpv4_udp - Received DHCP-Request XID 00000000 length 316 proto_dhcpv4_udp server 10.43.16.207 port 67 Network received packet size 316 Resetting worker 30 cleanup timer to +0s (1) running request (1) Received DHCP-Request XID 00000000 from 10.43.18.94:67 to 10.43.16.207:67 via eth0 (1) &DHCP-Opcode = Client-Message (1) &DHCP-Hardware-Type = Ethernet (1) &DHCP-Hardware-Address-Length = 6 (1) &DHCP-Hop-Count = 1 (1) &DHCP-Transaction-Id = 0 (1) &DHCP-Number-of-Seconds = 0 (1) &DHCP-Flags = 0 (1) &DHCP-Client-IP-Address = 10.43.18.94 (1) &DHCP-Your-IP-Address = 0.0.0.0 (1) &DHCP-Server-IP-Address = 0.0.0.0 (1) &DHCP-Gateway-IP-Address = 10.43.18.94 (1) &DHCP-Client-Hardware-Address = 00:a0:bc:00:00:03 (1) &DHCP-Requested-IP-Address = 75.104.40.111 (1) &DHCP-Message-Type = DHCP-Request (1) &DHCP-DHCP-Server-Identifier = 10.43.18.92 (1) &DHCP-Client-Identifier = 0x0100a1bc000001 (1) &DHCP-Subscriber-Id = "00a0bc000001@ut3>ut3.viasat.com" (1) &DHCP-Relay-Remote-Id = 0x00a0bc000001 (1) &DHCP-Relay-Circuit-Id = 0x000000222066 (1) Running 'recv DHCP-Request' from file /usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/dhcp (1) recv DHCP-Request { (1) update reply { (1) &DHCP-Message-Type = DHCP-Ack (1) } # update reply (noop) (1) update reply { (1) &DHCP-Subnet-Mask = 255.255.255.0 (1) &DHCP-Router-Address = 192.0.2.1 (1) &DHCP-DHCP-Server-Identifier = 192.0.2.1 (1) } # update reply (noop) (1) update control { (1) &Pool-Name := "VSAT" (1) &Pool-Action := Update (1) } # update control (noop) (1) redis_ippool - EXPAND %{%{DHCP-Requested-IP-Address}:-%{DHCP-Client-IP-Address}} (1) redis_ippool - --> 75.104.40.111 (1) redis_ippool - Updating 75.104.40.111 in pool "VSAT", device "00:a0:bc:00:00:03", expires in 3600s (1) redis_ippool - Reserved connection (2) (1) redis_ippool - [1] >>> Sending command(s) to 10.43.17.86:6379 (1) redis_ippool - [1] <<< Returned: success (1) redis_ippool - Released connection (2) (1) redis_ippool - ERROR: Requested IP address "75.104.40.111" is not a member of the specified pool (1) redis_ippool (notfound) (1) ok (ok) (1) } # recv DHCP-Request (ok) (1) ERROR: DHCP-Ack packet does not have YIADDR. The client will not receive an IP address. (1) Sent DHCP-Ack XID 00000000 from 10.43.16.207:67 to 10.43.18.94:67 via eth0 (1) &DHCP-Message-Type = DHCP-Ack (1) &DHCP-Subnet-Mask = 255.255.255.0 (1) &DHCP-Router-Address = 192.0.2.1 (1) &DHCP-DHCP-Server-Identifier = 192.0.2.1 (1) done request (1) finished request. Ready to process requests Reply will be unicast to CIADDR from original packet. proto_dhcpv4_udp - cleaning up ID 1 Ready to process requests Regards, Nagamani Chinnapaiyan

1 0

Redis cluster sentinel
by mettichi 23 Apr '19

23 Apr '19

Hello, is there any way to add redis cluster module of freeradius 4 to freeradius 3 ThanksBassemEnvoyé depuis mon smartphone Samsung Galaxy.

5 9

Construct octet values for attributes
by work vlpl 23 Apr '19

23 Apr '19

How I can construct octet value for VSA if some octet in it has to be `0x00`? For example I can set value for VSA using expression like this ``` VSA-Name := '\001somevalue' ``` or ``` VSA-Name := 0x01736f6d6576616c7565 ``` But when I tried to use this expression ``` VSA-Name := '\001\000somevalue' ``` All data after \000 are truncated -- Vladimir

2 1